The amygdala is the area of the brain that facilitates emotional responses, such as pleasure and fear. In people with depression, the amygdala becomes enlarged and more active as a result of constant exposure to high levels of cortisol. An enlarged and hyperactive amygdala, along with abnormal activity in other parts of the brain, can result in disturbances in sleep and activity patterns.
It can cause the body to release variable amounts of hormones and other chemicals in the body, leading to further complications. Depression has the potential to damage the brain. The person can have difficulties remembering and concentrating. It can also lead to a poor attitude, negative thinking and behavior.