Atomic Structure Quiz Questions
This is a quiz to test your knowledge of atomic structure and the Periodic Table. All the best guys!
Questions and Answers
- 1.
An atom is made up of even smaller particles called
- A.
Protons, neutrons, electrons
- B.
Numbers, symbols, levels
- C.
Molecules and compounds
- D.
Anions and cations
Correct Answer
A. Protons, neutrons, electronsExplanation
An atom is composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge, and electrons have a negative charge. These particles are the building blocks of an atom and determine its properties. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons orbit around the nucleus in energy levels. This arrangement of particles allows atoms to form bonds with other atoms, creating molecules and compounds. Therefore, the correct answer is protons, neutrons, and electrons.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following particles has no electric charge?
- A.
Proton
- B.
Neutron
- C.
Electron
- D.
Ion
Correct Answer
B. NeutronExplanation
The neutron is a particle that has no electric charge. It is found in the nucleus of an atom along with protons, which have a positive charge. Electrons, on the other hand, have a negative charge and orbit around the nucleus. An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a positive or negative charge. Therefore, the correct answer is neutron.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The number of protons in an atom is known as the
- A.
Proton number
- B.
Atomic number
- C.
Mass number
- D.
Atomic mass
Correct Answer
B. Atomic numberExplanation
The atomic number is the correct answer because it represents the number of protons in an atom. The atomic number determines the element's identity and its position in the periodic table. It is a unique characteristic of each element and defines its chemical properties. The number of protons remains constant for a specific element, while the number of neutrons and electrons can vary. Therefore, the atomic number accurately describes the number of protons in an atom.Rate this question:
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- 4.
This subatomic particle has a negative charge.
- A.
Neutron
- B.
Electron
- C.
Proton
- D.
Isotope
Correct Answer
B. ElectronExplanation
The subatomic particle with a negative charge is the electron. Electrons are found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus of an atom. They have a very small mass compared to protons and neutrons, and their negative charge balances out the positive charge of protons in an atom, making the atom electrically neutral.Rate this question:
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- 5.
This subatomic particle has a positive charge.
- A.
Proton
- B.
Electron
- C.
Neutron
- D.
Atom
Correct Answer
A. ProtonExplanation
A proton is a subatomic particle that carries a positive charge. It is found in the nucleus of an atom and is one of the fundamental building blocks of matter. The positive charge of the proton is equal in magnitude to the negative charge of an electron, and together they balance each other out to create a neutral atom. Neutrons, on the other hand, have no charge. Therefore, the correct answer is proton.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Calculate the number of protons, neutron, and electrons in an atom of Beryllium which has an atomic number of 4 and an atomic mass of 9.
- A.
4, 4, 4
- B.
4, 5, 5
- C.
4, 5, 13
- D.
4, 5, 4
Correct Answer
D. 4, 5, 4Explanation
Beryllium has an atomic number of 4, which represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Therefore, it has 4 protons. The atomic mass of Beryllium is 9, which represents the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Since the atomic number is 4, subtracting 4 from the atomic mass gives the number of neutrons, which is 5. Electrons are equal to the number of protons in a neutral atom, so Beryllium has 4 electrons.Rate this question:
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- 7.
By counting the number of protons, electrons and neutron, which element does this diagram represent (make sure you count the proton in the very back that you can barely see)?
Correct Answer
CarbonExplanation
The diagram represents the element Carbon. By counting the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons, we can determine the element. The answer is not explicitly mentioned in the question, but based on the information provided, we can conclude that the diagram represents Carbon.Rate this question:
- 8.
The Alkali Metals are group .
- A.
2
- B.
13
- C.
1
- D.
18
Correct Answer
C. 1Explanation
The Alkali Metals are group 1 in the periodic table. This group includes elements such as lithium, sodium, and potassium, which are highly reactive and have one valence electron. They are known for their low melting points and softness.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Group 2 elements are classsified as .
- A.
Metals
- B.
Nonmetals
- C.
Metalloids
Correct Answer
A. MetalsExplanation
Group 2 elements are classified as metals because they possess characteristics that are typical of metals. These elements are located in the second column of the periodic table and are known as alkaline earth metals. They have low ionization energies and low electronegativities, meaning they readily lose electrons to form positive ions. Group 2 elements are also malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Electrons are found
- A.
Inside nucleus
- B.
Outside nucleus
- C.
With protons
- D.
With neutrons
Correct Answer
B. Outside nucleusExplanation
Electrons are found outside the nucleus. This is because electrons are negatively charged particles and are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus. They orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels or shells. The outermost shell, called the valence shell, determines the chemical behavior of an atom. Electrons can move between different energy levels or be involved in chemical reactions, which is why they are found outside the nucleus.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The ? and ? are found in the nuclues.
- A.
Electrons and neutron
- B.
Protons and electrons
- C.
Protons and neutrons
- D.
Protons and electrons
Correct Answer
C. Protons and neutronsExplanation
Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom. The nucleus is the central part of an atom that contains most of its mass. Protons have a positive charge, while neutrons have no charge. Electrons, on the other hand, are found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus. Therefore, the correct answer is protons and neutrons.Rate this question:
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- 12.
These particles make up the mass of an atom.
- A.
Protons and neutrons
- B.
Electrons and neutrons
- C.
Protons and electrons
Correct Answer
A. Protons and neutronsExplanation
Protons and neutrons are subatomic particles that make up the mass of an atom. Protons have a positive charge, while neutrons have no charge. Electrons, on the other hand, have a negative charge and are much smaller in mass compared to protons and neutrons. Therefore, protons and neutrons are responsible for the majority of an atom's mass, while electrons contribute very little to the overall mass.Rate this question:
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- 13.
This has the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons.
- A.
Ions
- B.
Isotopes
- C.
Protons
- D.
Neutrons
Correct Answer
B. IsotopesExplanation
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This means that isotopes have the same atomic number but different atomic masses. The difference in the number of neutrons can result in variations in the stability and behavior of the isotopes.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which group contains elements that are chemically stable?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
8
- D.
18
Correct Answer
D. 18Explanation
Group 18 in the periodic table, also known as the noble gases, contains elements that are chemically stable. This is because they have a full outer electron shell, making them highly unreactive. The full outer shell gives these elements a stable electron configuration, which means they do not readily gain or lose electrons to form compounds with other elements. As a result, noble gases are often found in their pure form in nature and do not easily form chemical bonds with other elements.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The element chlorine has an electron configuration of 2,8,7. It is in which group and period ?
- A.
Group 7 and period 3
- B.
Group 17 and period 3
- C.
Group 3 and period 17
- D.
Group 3 and period 7
Correct Answer
B. Group 17 and period 3Explanation
Chlorine has an electron configuration of 2,8,7, which means it has 17 electrons. In the periodic table, elements are organized into groups and periods based on their electron configurations. The group number represents the number of valence electrons, which is the number of electrons in the outermost energy level. Chlorine has 7 valence electrons, so it is in group 17. The period number represents the energy level or shell in which the valence electrons are located. Chlorine's valence electrons are in the third energy level, so it is in period 3.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Atoms are arranged in the periodic table according to increasing numbers of
- A.
Neutrons
- B.
Electrons
- C.
Protons
- D.
Nuclei
Correct Answer
C. ProtonsExplanation
Atoms are arranged in the periodic table according to increasing numbers of protons. The number of protons in an atom determines its atomic number, which is a unique identifier for each element. The periodic table is organized in such a way that elements with similar properties are grouped together. This arrangement is based on the increasing number of protons, which also determines the element's position in the periodic table. Therefore, the correct answer is protons.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The symbol for sodium is
- A.
So
- B.
S
- C.
N
- D.
Na
Correct Answer
D. NaExplanation
The correct symbol for sodium is Na. This is because the symbol represents the element's atomic identity and is derived from its Latin name, "natrium." Sodium is a highly reactive alkali metal with atomic number 11, and its symbol Na is widely used in scientific and chemical contexts to represent this element.Rate this question:
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- 18.
How an element reacts depends on the number of
- A.
Protons
- B.
Neutrons
- C.
Electrons
Correct Answer
C. ElectronsExplanation
The correct answer is electrons because the number of electrons determines the chemical behavior of an element. Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit around the nucleus of an atom. The arrangement of electrons in the outermost energy level determines the element's reactivity and its ability to form chemical bonds with other elements. The number of protons determines the element's atomic number and identity, while neutrons contribute to the element's atomic mass but do not significantly affect its chemical behavior.Rate this question:
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- 19.
An atom has very little empty space.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
An atom is mostly empty space. The nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, is located at the center of the atom and occupies a very small portion of the total volume. The rest of the atom is made up of electrons, which orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels. These electrons are also very small compared to the total size of the atom. Therefore, the majority of an atom is empty space.Rate this question:
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- 20.
How many neutrons does an atom with an atomic number of 23 and a mass number of 51 have?
- A.
23
- B.
28
- C.
51
- D.
74
Correct Answer
B. 28Explanation
The atomic number represents the number of protons in an atom, while the mass number represents the sum of protons and neutrons. To find the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the mass number. In this case, 51 - 23 = 28, so the atom has 28 neutrons.Rate this question:
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Feb 25, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Feb 17, 2012Quiz Created by
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