1.
Metabolisme glukosa untuk menghasilkan energy dalam tubuh melalui…
Correct Answer
A. Glukosa terurai oleh O2 akan menghasilkan CO2, air, dan energi
Explanation
When glucose is metabolized in the presence of oxygen (O2), it undergoes a process called aerobic respiration. During this process, glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide (CO2), water, and energy. This is the most efficient way for the body to produce energy.
2.
Makanan yang kita telan dapat bergerak maju perlahan-lahan karena gerak peristaltic yang terdapat pada…
Correct Answer
C. Kerongkongan
Explanation
Makanan yang kita telan dapat bergerak maju perlahan-lahan karena adanya gerak peristaltik yang terdapat pada kerongkongan. Gerak peristaltik adalah gerakan kontraksi dan relaksasi otot yang berurutan, yang membantu mendorong makanan dari mulut ke lambung. Gerakan ini memungkinkan makanan untuk bergerak melalui saluran pencernaan dengan lancar dan efisien.
3.
Jika kita mengunyah nasi secara terus menerus, maka akan terasa manis karena…
1. Sebagian protein dipecah menjadi asam amino
2. Sebagian amilum dipecah menjadi glukosa
3. Sebagian lemak dipecah menjadi gliserol
4. Air ludah mengandung ptyalin
Manakah pernyataan di atas yang benar ?
Correct Answer
C. 2,4
Explanation
Jika kita mengunyah nasi secara terus menerus, maka akan terasa manis karena sebagian amilum dipecah menjadi glukosa. Selain itu, air ludah mengandung ptyalin yang merupakan enzim yang membantu dalam pemecahan amilum menjadi glukosa. Oleh karena itu, pernyataan yang benar adalah 2,4.
4.
Bila hati tidak menghasilkan empedu, maka akan menimbulkan gangguan…
Correct Answer
A. Pencernaan lemak
Explanation
When the heart does not produce bile, it will result in digestive disorders, specifically in the digestion of fats. Bile, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, helps in the emulsification and breakdown of fats in the small intestine. Without bile, the digestion of fats becomes impaired, leading to difficulties in absorbing and processing dietary fats. This can cause symptoms such as indigestion, bloating, and diarrhea. Therefore, the correct answer is "Pencernaan lemak" which means "Digestion of fats" in English.
5.
Pankreas mempunyai fungsi sebagai kelenjar eksokrin dan endokrin.Pernyataan berikut yang benar adalah…
Correct Answer
A. Pancreas sebagai kelenjar eksokrin karena menghasilkan enzim amilase,lipase,tripsin, sedangkan pancreas sebagai kelenjar endokrin karena menghasilkan hormone insulin dan glucagon
Explanation
The pancreas is considered as an exocrine gland because it produces enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and trypsin that are involved in digestion. On the other hand, it is also an endocrine gland because it produces hormones like insulin and glucagon that regulate blood sugar levels.
6.
Jika kita merasa lapar, hal itu diakibatkan…
Correct Answer
B. Kadar gula darah menurun
Explanation
When we feel hungry, it is because our blood sugar levels decrease. This triggers a signal to our brain that we need to eat in order to replenish our energy levels.
7.
Berikut ini adalah hasil uji makanan terhadap sejenis bahan makanan
No
Reagen
Warna awal
Warna akhir
1
Lugol
Coklat
Biru kehitaman
2
Benedict
Biru muda
Merah bata
3
biuret
Biru muda
Ungu
Berdasarkan data dalam table secara berurutan 1,2,3 dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan makanan tersebut mengandung…
Correct Answer
C. Amilum,protein,glukosa
Explanation
Based on the given data, the Lugol reagent turned the initial brown color into a dark blue-black color, indicating the presence of starch (amilum). The Benedict reagent turned the initial light blue color into a brick red color, indicating the presence of glucose (glukosa). The biuret reagent turned the initial light blue color into purple, indicating the presence of protein. Therefore, the correct answer is Amilum, protein, glukosa.
8.
Konsumsi the setelah makan sebaiknya dihindarkan karena akan menghambat penyerapan unsure logam yang berperan dalam pembentukan haemoglobin. Unsur logam yang dimaksud adalah…
Correct Answer
B. Fe
Explanation
Consuming tea after a meal should be avoided because it can inhibit the absorption of iron, which plays a role in the formation of hemoglobin. Therefore, the correct answer is Fe, which is the chemical symbol for iron.
9.
Daerah permukaan untuk absorbsi di dalam usus kecil sebagian besar ditingkatkan oleh adanya…
Correct Answer
A. Permukaan dalam yang berbelit-belit
Explanation
The correct answer is "Permukaan dalam yang berbelit-belit". The inner surface of the small intestine is lined with tiny finger-like projections called villi, which increase the surface area available for absorption. These villi greatly enhance the absorption of nutrients from digested food.
10.
Kebiasaan menahan buang air besar mengakibatkan penyerapan air di kolon menjadi berlebihan. Hal ini menimbulkan munculnya penyakit…
Correct Answer
C. Sembelit
Explanation
Kebiasaan menahan buang air besar mengakibatkan penyerapan air di kolon menjadi berlebihan. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan sembelit, karena tinja menjadi keras dan sulit untuk dikeluarkan.
11.
Fungsi utama oksigen yang kita hirup pada waktu bernapas adalah untuk ....
Correct Answer
D. Mengikat hidrogen dari hasil metabolisme tubuh
Explanation
The main function of the oxygen we inhale during breathing is to bind hydrogen from the body's metabolism.
12.
Energi yang diperoleh dari pernapasan adalah hasil dari .....
Correct Answer
D. Glukosa
Explanation
The energy obtained from respiration is a result of the breakdown of glucose. Glucose is the primary source of energy for cellular respiration, where it is broken down through a series of chemical reactions to produce ATP, the energy currency of cells. This process occurs in the mitochondria, where glucose is oxidized to release energy that can be used by the cell for various metabolic processes.
13.
Pernyataan yang benar mengenai pernapasan perut adalah ...
Correct Answer
B. Otot diafragma berkontraksi, rongga dada membesar, udara masuk ke paru-paru
Explanation
When the diaphragm contracts, it causes the chest cavity to expand. This expansion creates a negative pressure in the chest cavity, causing air to rush into the lungs to equalize the pressure. Therefore, the correct statement is that when the diaphragm contracts, the chest cavity expands and air enters the lungs.
14.
Proses respirasi sel secara anaerob pada manusia akan menghasilkan .....
Correct Answer
A. 2 mol asam laktat + 2 ATP
Explanation
During anaerobic respiration in human cells, glucose is broken down into two molecules of lactic acid, and only a small amount of ATP is produced. This is because anaerobic respiration does not involve the use of oxygen, which is required for the complete breakdown of glucose and the production of a larger amount of ATP. Therefore, the correct answer is 2 mol asam laktat + 2 ATP.
15.
Udara yang masih dapat dimasukkan ke dalam paru-paru setelah inspirasi normal disebut ....
Correct Answer
E. Udara komplementer
Explanation
Udara komplementer adalah udara yang masih dapat dimasukkan ke dalam paru-paru setelah inspirasi normal. Ini berarti bahwa udara komplementer adalah jumlah udara maksimum yang dapat dihirup setelah inspirasi normal.
16.
Pertukaran oksigen dari alveolus menuju kapiler darah terjadi karena ....
Correct Answer
C. Tekanan partikel oksigen di dalam alveoli lebih tinggi daripada di dalam darah
Explanation
The correct answer is that the pressure of oxygen particles in the alveoli is higher than in the blood. This is because during respiration, oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the capillaries of the blood. Diffusion occurs from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, so the higher pressure of oxygen particles in the alveoli drives the movement of oxygen into the blood.
17.
Salah satu factor yang mempengaruhi frekuensi pernafasan adalah suhu tubuh. Berikut ini pernyataan yang benar adalah…
Correct Answer
C. Jika suhu tubuh di atas normal maka metabolism tubuh berlangsung lambat sehingga tubuh nenerlukan sedikit oksigen
Explanation
Jika suhu tubuh di atas normal, metabolisme tubuh berlangsung cepat, bukan lambat. Ketika suhu tubuh meningkat, aktivitas enzim dalam tubuh juga meningkat, sehingga mempercepat metabolisme. Dalam kondisi ini, tubuh membutuhkan lebih banyak oksigen untuk mendukung proses metabolisme yang lebih cepat.
18.
Kadar asam laktat dalam otot meningkat ketika kekurangan ....
Correct Answer
A. Oksigen
Explanation
The increase in lactic acid levels in muscles occurs when there is a lack of oxygen. Oxygen is essential for the process of aerobic respiration, which produces energy in the form of ATP. When there is insufficient oxygen available, the body resorts to anaerobic respiration, which produces lactic acid as a byproduct. This buildup of lactic acid leads to muscle fatigue and discomfort.
19.
Which one do you like?
Correct Answer
A. Option 1
20.
Pernapasan luar adalah proses pertukaran oksigen dan karbondioksida antara ....
Correct Answer
B. Plasma darah dan sel-sel jaringan
Explanation
The correct answer is plasma darah dan sel-sel jaringan because pernapasan luar refers to the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the cells of the body. This exchange occurs in the capillaries, where oxygen from the plasma in the blood is delivered to the cells, and carbon dioxide produced by the cells is taken up by the plasma to be transported back to the lungs for elimination. Therefore, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs between the plasma in the blood and the cells of the tissues.
21.
Ekskresi adalah salah satu ciri makhluk hidup yang berfungsi untuk…
Correct Answer
D. Membuang sampah metabolism
Explanation
The correct answer is "Membuang sampah metabolism". Ekskresi refers to the process of eliminating waste products that are produced during metabolism. This includes removing substances like carbon dioxide, urea, and excess salts from the body. Therefore, this option accurately describes the function of ekskresi in getting rid of metabolic waste.
22.
Manakah yang tidak termasuk ke dalam ekskresi ?
Correct Answer
C. Pengeluaran feses oleh anus
Explanation
The correct answer is "Pengeluaran feses oleh anus" because the other options mention the excretion of various substances through different organs. The liver excretes bilirubin and biliverdin, the lungs excrete CO2 and H2O, the skin excretes water, minerals, and a small amount of urea, and the kidneys produce urine. However, the excretion of feces occurs through the anus, not by the process of excretion.
23.
Hati berfungsi dalam semua proses pengaturan berikut ini, kecuali…
Correct Answer
A. Osmoregulasi dalam berbagai ekskresi garam
Explanation
Hati berfungsi dalam pemeliharaan konsentrasi gula darah dengan menyimpan gula dalam bentuk glikogen dan melepaskannya saat dibutuhkan. Hati juga berperan dalam detoksifikasi bahan-bahan berbahaya dengan mengubahnya menjadi zat yang lebih aman. Selain itu, hati juga memproduksi limbah bernitrogen dalam bentuk urea. Namun, hati tidak terlibat dalam osmoregulasi dalam berbagai ekskresi garam.
24.
Seorang pasien darahnya berwarna kekuning-kuningan dan fesesnya coklat abu-abu, diduga ini diakibatkan….
Correct Answer
B. Penyumbatan pembuluh/saluran pengeluaran empedu
Explanation
The patient's yellowish blood color and grayish brown feces suggest that there may be a blockage in the bile ducts or bile drainage system. This obstruction can prevent the normal flow of bile from the liver to the intestines, resulting in the accumulation of bilirubin in the blood and the excretion of pale-colored stools.
25.
Peningkatan suhu tubuh akibat olahraga atau berada dalam lingkungan yang panas menyebabkan adanya mekanisme berikut dalam tubuh kecuali…
Correct Answer
E. Kelenjar keringat diaktifkan sehingga meningkatkan pendinginan melalui evaporasi
Explanation
When the body temperature increases due to exercise or being in a hot environment, several mechanisms are activated to cool down the body. These mechanisms include the dilation of blood vessels in the skin, activation of skeletal muscles, activation of the thermostat in the hypothalamus to initiate cooling mechanisms, and vasodilation of superficial blood vessels. The activation of sweat glands and increased sweating help in cooling the body through the process of evaporation.
26.
Reabsorbsi pada ginjal manusia meruapakan proses….
Correct Answer
D. Penyerapan kembali air dan zat berguna dari tubulus ginjal
Explanation
The correct answer states that reabsorption in the human kidney is the process of reabsorbing water and useful substances from the renal tubules. This process occurs after filtration in the glomerulus, where water and important molecules are filtered out of the blood. Reabsorption helps to maintain the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body by reclaiming water and essential nutrients from the urine back into the bloodstream.
27.
Bila pada tes urine seseorang dengan menggunakan reagent biuret diperoleh warna ungu, dapat didiagnosis bagian ginjal yang mengalami kelainan adalah….
Correct Answer
A. Glomerulus
Explanation
The correct answer is "Glomerulus." The biuret reagent is used to test for the presence of proteins in urine. If the biuret reagent turns purple, it indicates the presence of proteins in the urine, which can be a sign of kidney damage. The glomerulus is a part of the kidney that filters blood and removes waste products, including proteins, from the blood. Therefore, if the biuret reagent turns purple, it suggests that there may be a problem with the glomerulus and kidney function.
28.
Diabetes insipidus merupakan kelainan ekskresi yang disebabkan oleh….
Correct Answer
C. Hipo-ADH
Explanation
Hipo-ADH refers to a deficiency in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) production or release. ADH plays a crucial role in regulating the body's water balance by controlling the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys. In diabetes insipidus, there is a decrease in ADH levels, leading to excessive urination and thirst. This condition can be caused by various factors such as damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, medications, or genetic factors. Therefore, the correct answer suggests that diabetes insipidus is caused by a deficiency in ADH production or release.
29.
Asam amino yang tidak dapat dibentuk oleh tubuh sehingga harus didatangkan dari luar adalah...
Correct Answer
C. Esensial
Explanation
Essential amino acids are amino acids that cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained from external sources such as food.
30.
Salah satu penbobatan alternatif yang muncul di masyarakat adalah terapu urin.Menurut pandangan islam terapi urin....
Correct Answer
D. Boleh hukumnya jika hanya itu satu-satunya obat
Explanation
The given correct answer suggests that according to Islamic views, urine therapy is permissible as long as it is the only available medicine. This implies that in exceptional circumstances where no other alternative treatment is available, the use of urine therapy may be allowed.