A+ Charts And Tables

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Contents 1 Printer Table 2 IP addressing 3 FAT Table 4 Boot Option Hot Keys 5 HOT KEYS 6 RAM Memory Packages 7 RAID 8 Ports 9 IRQ Map 10 Types of Expansion Slots 11 CPU Chart 12 Pentium CPUs 13 Celeron CPUs 14 Xeon CPUs 15 Itanium & Itanium 2 16 AMD CPUs 17 AMD K5 & K6 18 Athlon CPUs 19 AMD Opteron 20 Cables 21 Windows Restore & Recovery 22 Installing Windows 9x/Me 23 Windows NT 4.0 24 Windows 2000 Professional 25 Windows XP Professional 26 Related Threads & Links

[edit section] Printer Table

Types of Printers
Printer	Description
Impact	Daisy Wheel or Dot Matrix (9 or 24 pins)
Inkjet	Spray ink on paper
Laser	Write with a laser. Also called Electrographic Printer (EP)

[edit section] IP addressing

Network Type	Address Range	Normal Mask	Comments
Class A	001.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x	255.0.0.0	For very large networks
Class B	128.1.x.x to 191.254.x.x	255.255.0.0	For medium size networks
Class C	192.0.1.x to 223.255.254.x	255.255.255.0	For small networks
Class D	224.x.x.x to 239.255.255.255
Class E	240.x.x.x to 247.255.255.255

[edit section] FAT Table

Windows 3.1	works with FAT 16
Windows 95 Build 950 and 950a	works with FAT 16
Windows 95 Build 950b and 950c	works with FAT 32 and FAT 16
Windows 98	works with FAT 32 and FAT 16
Windows NT 4	works with NTFS and FAT 16
Windows 2000/NT 5	works with NTFS, FAT 32 and FAT 16
• 9x Systems - Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME • NT Systems - Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, Windows XP

[edit section] Boot Option Hot Keys

Boot Option Hot Keys
Operating System	Key	Result
Windows 98 (9x)	F4	Boot to previous OS
	F5	Safe Mode
	F6	Safe Mode with Networking
	F8	Forces a ScanDisk
	Left CTRL	Advanced Boot Options
Windows NT	F5, F8	Hopeless
	Spacebar	At correct time, permits 'Last Known Good Configuration'
	All others	Hopeless; verify per installation
Windows 2000, Windows XP	F5, F8	Advanced Boot Options

[edit section] HOT KEYS

ALT+TAB	Switch between open items
ALT+ENTER	View properties for the selected item
CTRL+ESC	Display the Start menu
win /b	Creates bootlog.txt while booting.

[edit section] RAM Memory Packages

RAM Memory Packages
Package	Extension	Features
SIPP	Single Inline Pin Package	Combined 8 DRAM chips on a single card, 8 bits wide
SIMM	Single Inline Memory Module	Eliminated pins, introduced banking, 30 or 72 pin flavors
DIMM	Dual Inline Memory Module	168 pins per stick
DDR	Double Data Rate	184 pins per stick
DDR2	240 pins per stick
DDR2 SO-DIMM	200 pins per stick

[edit section] RAID

RAID Levels
Level	Description	Details
RAID0	Striped disk array with no fault tolerance.	The several disks operate in parallel for faster data transfer rates.
RAID1	Mirroring and duplexing	Creates duplicate copies of data that is split between disks. Mirroring writes from a single controller to two drives. Duplexing uses two separate controllers to write to two different hard drives. Increased access speeds.
RAID2	Data striping w/error recovery	Spreads files across several disks; uses large amount of disk space as overhead to maintain parity (error checking.) Not typically used on PCs.
RAID3	Parallel transfer - parity striping	Uses less hard drive space for error checking, but data transfer is more time consuming and less efficient.
RAID4	Independent data disks - shared parity disk	Interleaves drives to make them appear as one large drive. There is only one parity drive that is shared. Low overhead high maintenance fault tolerance.
RAID5	Independent data disks - distributed parity blocks	Popular system where parity is spread across the disks to create accuracy and redundancy.
RAID6	Similar to RAID5	Uses extra disks as well as asynchronous and cached data transmission for guaranteed fault tolerance. Could be called 'Super Raid5'.

[edit section] Ports

Port	I/O Address	IRQ
COM1	03F8	4
COM2	02F8	3
COM3	03E8	4
COM4	02E8	3
LPT1	0378	7
LPT2	0278	5

[edit section] IRQ Map

IRQ	Default Function
0	System Timer
1	Keyboard
2/9	Open for use
3	COM2/COM4
4	COM1/COM3
5	LPT2
6	Floppy Drive
7	LPT1
8	Real-time clock
10	Open for use
11	Open for use
12	Open for use
13	Math coprocessor
14	Primary hard drive
15	Secondary hard drive

[edit section] Types of Expansion Slots

Types of Expansion Slots
Slot	Bus Size	Notes
ISA (Industry Standard Architecture)	8 or 16-bit	Slowest slot used today
MCA (Micro-Channel Architecture)	16 or 32-bit	Expensive, fast, dead technology
Enhanced ISA	32-bit	Compatible with ISA Slots
VL-Bus (VESA Local Bus)	32-bit	Bus Mastering, uses ISA slots with special connectors
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect)	32-bit	Bus Mastering, uses PCI slots, has a unique additional bus
PCI-2	64-bit	Bus Mastering, uses PCI slots, has a unique additional bus

[edit section] CPU Chart

CPU	Gen	External Speed	Internal Speed	Multiplier Range	L1	L2	L3	Package	Sockets Used
Pentium	5th	50-66 MHz	60-200 MHz	1-3x	16KB	No	No	PGA	4,5
Pentium Pro	6th	60-66 MHz	166-200 MHz	2.5-3x	16KB	256 KB, 512KB, 1 MB	No	PGA	8
Pentium II	6th	66-100 MHz	233-450 MHz	3.5-4.5x	32 KB	512 KB	No	SEC	Slot 1
AMD K6	6th	66-100 MHz	200-550 MHz	3-5.5x	32 KB 64 KB	No(K6-2) 256 KB	No	PGA	7
Pentium II (Celeron)	6th	66 MHz	266-700 MHz	4-10.5x	32KB	128 KB (later versions)	No	SEP, PGA	1, Socket 370
Pentium III	6th	100-133 MHz	450 MHz-1.26GHz	4-10x	32 KB	256 KB or 512 KB	No	SEC-2, PGA	1, Socket 370
Pentium III Celeron	6th	66-100 MHz	533-700 MHz	8-11.5x	32 KB	128 KB	No	PGA	Socket 370
Classic AMD	6th	100 MHz	500 MHz - 1 GHz	5-10x	128 KB	512 KB	No	SEC	Slot A
AMD Thunderbird	6th	100-133 MHz	650 MHz - 1.4 GHz	3.5-14x	128 KB	256 KB	No	PGA	Socket A
AMD Duron	6th	100 MHz	600 MHz-1.3 GHz	3.5 - 14x	128 KB	64 KB	No	PGA	Socket A
Pentium 4	7th	100 MHz-200 MHz (quad pumped)	1.3-3.2 GHz	13-23x	128 KB	256 KB, 512 KB	No	423 PGA, 478 PGA	423, 478
Athlon XP	7th	133 MHz, 166 MHz	1.3 GHz-2.16 GHz	13-16.5x	128 KB	256 KB, 512 KB	No	462 PGA	Socket A

[edit section] Pentium CPUs

CPU	Pentium	Pentium Pro	Pentium 2	Pentium 3	Pentium 4
Generation	5th	6th	6th	6th	7th
External speed Range	50-66 & 66-75MHz	60-66MHz	66-100MHz	100-133MHz	100-133MHz (Quadrupled)
Internal speed Range	60-200MHz 166-200MHz	150-200MHz	233-450MHz	450MHz-1.26GHz	1.3-3.06GHz
Voltage	5V, 3.3V	3.1V, 3.3V	3.3V	3.3V	3.3V
Multiplier Range	x1-3, x2.5-x4.5	x2.5-x3	x3.5-x4.5	x4-x10	x13 & up
L1 cache	16KB, 32KB	16KB	32KB	32KB	128KB
L2 cache	None	256KB, 512KB, 1MB	512KB	256KB, 512KB	256KB, 512KB
L3 cache	None	None	None	None	None
Package	PGA	SPGA	SEC	SEC, PGA	PGA
Sockets used	Socket4, 5 – 7	Socket 8	Slot 1	Slot 1 – Socket 370	Socket 423 – 478
Max RAM	4 GB	4 GB	4 GB	4 GB	4 GB

[edit section] Celeron CPUs

CPU	P2 Based	P3 Based	P4 Based
Generation	6th	6th	7th
External speed Range	66MHz	66-100MHz	100MHz (Quad Speed)
Internal speed Range	266-700MHz	533-700MHz	850MHz -2.4GHz
Voltage	3.3V	3.3V	3.3V
Multiplier Range	x4-x10.5	x8-x11.5	x8.5-x20.5
L1 cache	32KB	32KB	32KB
L2 cache	None, 128KB	128KB	128KB
L3 cache	None	None	None
Package	SEP, PGA	PGA	SEC, PGA
Sockets used	Slot 1, Socket 370	Socket 370	Slot 1, Socket 370
Max RAM	4Gb	4GB	4GB

[edit section] Xeon CPUs

CPU	P2 Based	P3 Based	P4 Based	Xeon MP
Generation	6th	6th	7th	7th
External speed Range	100MHz	100-133MHz	100-133MHz (x4)	100-133MHz(x4)
Internal speed Range	400-500MHz	500MHz-1GHz	1.4-3.06GHz	1.4-2GHz
Multiplier Range	x4-x4.5	x5-x7.5	x14-x28	x14-x20
L1 cache	32KB	32KB	12KB	12KB
L2 cache	512KB-2MB	256KB-2MB	256-512KN	256-512KB
L3 cache	None	None	None	None
Package	SEC	SEC	PGA	PGA
Sockets used	Slot 2	Slot 2	Socket 603	Socket 603
Max RAM	4 GB	4 GB	4 GB	4 GB

[edit section] Itanium & Itanium 2

CPU	Itanium	Itanium 2
Generation	8th	8th
Physical Address	44 bits	50bits
FSB width	64bits	128bits
External speed Range	133MHz (x4)	100MHz (x4)
Internal speed Range	733MHz, 833MHz	900MHz, 1GHz
Multiplier Range	x6-x8.5	x9-x10
L1 cache	32KB	32KB
L2 cache	96KB	256KB
L3 cache	2MB, 4MB	1.5MB
Package	PAC	OLGA
Sockets used	Socket 418	Socket 611
Max RAM	17.5 TB	1.1 PB

[edit section] AMD CPUs

[edit section] AMD K5 & K6

CPU	K5	K6
Generation	5th	6th
External speed Range	50-75MHz	66-100MHz
Internal speed Range	60-150MHz	200-550MHz
Multiplier Range	x1.5-x2	x3-x5.5
L1 cache	16KB	32KB (K6, K6-2) 64KB (K6-3)
L2 cache	None	None (K6, K6-2) 256KB (K6-3)
L3 cache	None	None
Package	PGA	PGA
Sockets used	Socket 7	Socket 7
Max RAM	4Gb	4GB

[edit section] Athlon CPUs

CPU	Athlon	Duron	Thunderbird	Athlon XP
Generation	6th6th	6th	6th	7th
External speed Range	100MHz (x2)	100MHz (x2)	100-133MHz (x2)	133MHz (x2)
Internal speed Range	500MHz-1GHz	600MHz-1GHz	650-1.4GHz	1.3GHz(1500+) – 2.16GHz(3000+)
Multiplier Range	x5-x10	x3.5-x14	x3.5-x14	x13-x16.5
L1 cache	128KB	128KB	128KB	128KB
L2 cache	512KB	64KB	256KB	256KB, 512KB
L3 cache	None	None	None	None
Package	SEC	PGA	PGA	462-pin PGA
Sockets used	Slot A	Socket A	Socket A	Socket A
Max RAM	4 GB	4 GB	4 GB	4 GB

[edit section] AMD Opteron

CPU	Opteron
Generation	8th
Physical Address	40 bits
FSB width	128 bit
External speed Range	6.4GB/Second (Hyper transport)
Internal speed Range	1.4-1.8 GHz
Multiplier Range	x14-x20
L1 cache	128KB
L2 cache	1MB
L3 cache	None
Package	PGA
Sockets used	Socket 940

[edit section] Cables

CAT1	Standard Phone Line
CAT 2	4 Mbps (ISDN and T1)
CAT 3	10 Mbps
CAT 4	16 Mbps
CAT 5	100 Mbps
CAT 5e	1 Gbps
CAT 6	10 Gbps

[edit section] Windows Restore & Recovery

	System Restore	Backup Restore Wizard	Automated System Recovery	Emergency Repair Disk	Recovery Console
Windows NT 4.0	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
2000 Professional	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
XP Home	Yes	No	No	No	No
XP Professional	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes

[edit section] Installing Windows 9x/Me

Component	Minimum	Recommended
CPU	Pentium	Pentium 2
Memory	32MB	64-128MB
Hard Disk	455-635MB	4GB
Display	640x480 @16 colors	SVGA or higher
Other	Mouse, CD-ROM, soundcard	Mouse, CD-ROM, soundcard

[edit section] Windows NT 4.0

Component	Minimum	Recommended
CPU	Intel 80486 25 MHz	Pentium 150 MHz
Memory	12 MB	64 MB
Hard Disk	128 MB	2 GB with 1 GB Free
Network	None	Modern PCI
Display	VGA resolution	SVGA resolution (16-bit)
Floppy disk drive		High density

[edit section] Windows 2000 Professional

Component	Minimum	Recommended
CPU	133 MHz	Pentium 2 350 MHz
Memory	64 MB	128 MB
Hard disk	2 GB w/ 650 MB free	6.4 GB w/ 2 GB free
Network	None	Modern PCI
Display	VGA	SVGA (16-bit)
CD-ROM		12x (non-network)
Floppy Drive		High Density

[edit section] Windows XP Professional

Component	Minimum	Recommended
CPU	233 MHz or higher	300 MHz or higher
Memory	64 MB	256 MB
Hard disk	1.5 GB available	4 GB available
Display	Direct X 8, 800 x 600 resolution	Direct X 8, 800 x 600 resolution

[edit section] Related Threads & Links

A+ Charts By Cole 02

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