Psychology 101, Social Psychology Flashcards Table View

     

Attitude  A learned evaluation of a particular perosn, behavior, belief or thing
Central Route Processing Message interpretation characterized by thoughtful consideration of issues and arguments used to persuade
Peripheral Route Processing Message interpretation characterized by consideration of the source and related general information rather than of the message itself
Cognitive Dissonance The conflict that occurs when a person holds two contradictory attitudes or thoughts
Social Cognition The cognitive processes by which people understand and make sense of others and themselves
Schemas Set cognitions about people and social experiences
Central traits The major traits considered in forming impressions of others
Attribuation Theory The theory of personality that seeks to explain how we decide, on the basis of samples of an individual's behavior, what the specific causes of that person's behavior are
Situational Causes Perceived causes of behavior that are based on environmental factors
Dipostional Causes Percieved causes of behavior that are based on internal traits or personality factors
Halo effect A phenomenon in which a initial understanding that a person has positive traits is used to infer other uniformly positive characteristics
Assumed-similarity bias the tendency to think of people as being similar to oneself, even when meeting them for the first time
Self-serving bias The tendency to attribute personal succes to personal factors(skill, ability, or effort) and to attribute failure to factors outside oneself
Fundamental attribution error The tendency to overattribute others' behavior to dispositional causes and the corresponding minimization of the impotance of situtational causes
Social Influence The process by which the actions of an individual or group affect the behavior of others
Conformity A change in behavior or attitudes brought about by a desire to follow the beliefs or standards of other people
Status The social rank held within a group
Social Suppoter A Group member whose dissenting views make non-conformity to the group easier
Compliance Behavior that occurs in response to direct social pressure
Industrial-organizational Psychology The branch of psychology focusing on work and job-related issues, including worker motivation, satisfaction, safety and productivity
Obedience A change in behavior in response to the commands of others
Stereotypes Generalized beliefs and expectations about social groups and their members
Prejudice Negative(or Positive) evaluation of groups and theirs members
Discrimination Behavior directed toward individuals on the basis of their membership in a particular group
Interpersonal attraction Positive feelings for others;liking orloving
Reciprocity-of-liking efect A tendency to like those who like us
Passionate love A state of intense absorption in someone that includes intense physiological arousal, psychplogical interest and caring for the needs of others
Companionate Love The Strong affection we have for those with whom our lives are deeply involved
Aggression Intentional injury of or harm to another person
Catharsis The process of discharging built-up aggressive energy
Frustration The thwarting or block of some ongoing, goal-directed behavior
Prosocial Behavior helping behavior
Diffusion of responsibility The tendency to feel that responsibility for acting is shared, or diffused among those present
Altruism Helping behavior that is beneficial to others but clearly requires self-sacrifice