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| 1 |
How is HTN classified?
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Essential/idiopathic HTN (92-94%) - generally does not cause short term problems
Secondary/Malignant...
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| 2 |
causes of secondary HTN
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renal: polycystic disease, chronic renal failure, glomerulonephritis
endocrine: adrenal cortical...
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complications of HTN
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Heart: concentric LVH --> LV dilation --> CHF
Blood vessels: atherosclerosis -->...
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risk factors for atherosclerotic CV disease
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Non-modifiable: age, sex, FH, genetic abnormalities, post-menopausal females (low estrogen)...
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components of a lipid profile (major plasma lipoproteins)
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VLDL, LDL, HDL, chylomicrons
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what are the different types of hyperlipidemia?
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By phenotypic excess:
Type I - chylomicrons and TG
Type IIa - LDL and cholesterol
Type...
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| 7 |
significance of familial hypercholesterolemia
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deficiency in LDL receptors, leading to increased amts of LDL in the circulation
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| 8 |
how is LDL calculated and how is it used?
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LDL = total cholesterol - HDL - TG/5
(should be fasting levels)
high levels of LDL (along...
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| 9 |
morphology of increased systolic BP
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hyaline arteriosclerosis - the arteriolar wall is thickened w/ increased protein deposition...
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| 10 |
morphology of increased diastolic BP
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hyperplastic arteriosclerosis - "onion skinning" causing lumenal obliteration
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| 11 |
atherosclerosis disease process
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normal artery --> fatty streak --> fibrofatty plaque (can progress to here quickly via...
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| 12 |
left ventricular morphology in HTN
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CONCENTRIC hypertrophy due to pressure overload
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| 13 |
gross features of aortic dissection
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entrance slit - an intimal tear, most often in the ascending aortic arch w/in 10 cm of...
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| 14 |
where are atherosclerotic aneurysms most common?
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abdominal aorta between the renal arteries and the aortic bifurcation b/c atherosclerosis is...
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| 15 |
types of aortic dissections
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Type A involves the ascending aorta and has worse prognosis. Includes type I (ascending...
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