Flashcard Set Preview
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| 1 |
Human Capital
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Education, occupational skills, and work experience that enhance one's value in the work force....
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| 2 |
Social Margin
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The amount of goodwill, time, credit, or money people are willing to devote to assist a person....
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| 3 |
Institutional Factors
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1) Accomodative emphasis of most agencies.
2) Bureaucratization and decentralization of services.
3)...
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| 4 |
Present Orientation
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Homeless are not future oriented people. They are focused on the present.
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| 5 |
Street Based Ties and Sanctions
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Street based ties - the street friends and street-based activities that those friendships...
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| 6 |
Cognitive Factors
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Inability to form concrete plans for getting off the streets. State of despondent paralysis....
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| 7 |
Disabilites and Homelessness
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Homeless exhibit high levels of disabilites compared to the domiciled portion of the population....
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| 8 |
Four factors influencing mobility
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Personal resource deficits, institutionalization factors, street based ties, and cognitive...
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| 9 |
Modal pathway to the streets
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Economic dislocation , such as job loss, the absence or erosion of familial support, migration...
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| 10 |
Bad luck
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Many homeless suffer bad luck in the form of plant closings, industry slowing down, or general...
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| 11 |
Proportion of homeless with families
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Many of the homeless are on the streets because they have no viable familial support network...
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| 12 |
Three arguements about family support
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1) "A lot of homeless have worn their families' welcome." 2) family situations of many homeless...
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| 13 |
Pathology of Adaptation
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Excessive alcohol consumpion, predatory criminal behavior, and seemingly psychotic thought...
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| 14 |
Mental Illness
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The incidence of disability among homeless is considerably higher than the domiciled population.
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| 15 |
Voluntarism
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The explanation that holds tha people are on the streets largely by choice.
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| 16 |
Deindustrialization
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The cover term to capture the dramatic shift in the national economy from a manufacturing to...
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| 17 |
Deinstitutionalization
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Deinstitutionalization is the attempt to reduce impatient populations of institutions for the...
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| 18 |
Structural roots of homelessness
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Residential dislocation (deinstitutionalization, decline in the stock of low income housing,...
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| 19 |
Bias
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There is a bias in the criteria that detemine who will and who will not receive assistance....
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| 20 |
S.I. understanding of knowledge
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Any form of knowledge is partial and tentative. S.I. yields knowledge of social worlds and...
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| 21 |
Knowlege of Reality
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Our knowledge of reality shapes that reality. As we create new ways of actively interpreting...
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| 22 |
Becker's labeling theory
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In this perspective, some social groups develop the power to impose a label of being deviant...
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| 23 |
Labeling
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The process of social classification. For example a deviant label arises out of a process in...
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| 24 |
Image-based society
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Our image making is aimed at persuading others to perceive us according to our wishes. We want...
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| 25 |
Cathedrals of consumption
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Term used to describe how institutional stuctures seduce and influence people into consumption....
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| 26 |
Disneyfication
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A remaking of urban or "sketchy" neighborhoods into more sanitized and themepark like environments
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| 27 |
Celebrities
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Nothing epitomizes extravagant expectations more than celebrities. They are also constructions...
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| 28 |
Types of identities
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Patient-physician, father-kids, just friends. Experiencing each other and the situation from...
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| 29 |
Motive and motivation
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Motive "me" - References meanings that people attach to their conduct. The person self-consciously...
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| 30 |
Deviance
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Departs from the widely - shared ideas about desirable and undesirable conduct. Can be harmful...
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| 31 |
Emotions
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To display emotions that are consistent with expectations for a situated identity and the definitions...
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Feeling rules
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To describe the types of feelings that people expect in particular situations.
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| 33 |
Surface Acting
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Refers to feelings that someone learns and performs for public display. Example: learned discust...
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| 34 |
Emotions and Crime
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Either being seduced ito a crime for the "magical object" or the "sneaky thrills". Crime can...
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| 35 |
Grief
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Response to the loss of a loved-one and/or a member of society. Definition differs from culture...
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| 36 |
Constraints (altercasting, power)
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One person's acts constrain and limit what the other can do. Power is the capacity of one person...
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| 37 |
4 Types of Awareness contexts
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Open - Easy to understand the situation. Closed - Lack of information, does not understand...
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| 38 |
Attribution Errors
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When people explain individual outcomes by thinking of an individual's disposition as causing...
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| 39 |
Social Order
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Comprising the many predictable and coordinated social activities that occur i everyday life.
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| 40 |
Explaining Disorder
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Social disorder is a constuction of reality, a belief that things are for some reasons not...
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| 41 |
Indexicality
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People make interpretations based on context.
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| 42 |
Joint Action
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An organization of several different acts by many participants that accumulate into a single...
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| 43 |
Influence
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The efforts that people make to get other to comply with their wishes.
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| 44 |
Social Bonds
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Stable interpersonal attachments of "bonds". Bonds must be constantly tested and renewed.
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| 45 |
Problem solving
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Human activities whose focus is to solve the practical problems that arise in everyday life....
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Trust
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Reduces uncertainty and complexity. Trust can be a risk, because people fail to fufill obligations....
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| 47 |
Negotiated Order
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Social order that emerges from negotiations. To work under certain terms or agreements.
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| 48 |
Boundaries
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A social line dividing the members of one social category from another.
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Talking
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A key way that members of a society contsitute and uphold social order.
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| 50 |
Social Movements
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A collective effort to change a part of society of to resist changes.
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| 51 |
Disclaimer
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A verbal device people employ when they want to ward off the negative implications of an impending...
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| 52 |
Account
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a linguistic device employed whenever and action is subjected to valuative inquiry. Includes...
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| 53 |
Shadow Work
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Requires concentration of energy andattention on the procurement of money or other material...
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| 54 |
Selling and Trading
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1) Junk and Personal Possessions
2) Illegal Goods and Services
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| 55 |
Junk and Personal Possessions
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Personal items sold for cash. Usually things they have received as gifts of stolen. Sometimes...
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| 56 |
Illegal Goods and Services
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Commonly drugs and sex. Homeless involved- regular straddlers, hippie tramps and redneck bums....
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| 57 |
Ambivalent Ties
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quick development of friendships on the streets serves a compensatory function, as other homeless...
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| 58 |
Interpersonal relationships can vary in what ways?
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1) temporal span of relationships
2) number of affiliations an individual has
3) intensity
4)...
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| 59 |
Temporal Span of Relationships
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interpersonal relationships can vary from an hour or a day to a span of years or even decades
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| 60 |
Intensity
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the degree of attachment homeless individuals exhibit toward their peers
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| 61 |
Locus of Affiliation
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focuses attention on the various types of activities in which the homeless tend to develop...
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| 62 |
Recently Dislocated
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individuals who are recently homeless. Often feel fear of the company in whcih they find themselves.Shy...
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| 63 |
Regular Straddlers
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individuals who are more comfortable with street life than the recently dislocated. Learn non-institutional...
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| 64 |
Institutionally Adapted Straddlers
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resmbles the regular atraddler with some defining characteristics. Employment in accomodative...
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| 65 |
Outsiders
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with the exception of the mentally ill, category of homeless people whose daily lives and cognitive...
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| 66 |
What are the 5 types of outsiders?
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1) Traditional Tramps
2) Hippie Tramps
3) Traditional Bums
4) Redneck Bums
5) Mentally...
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| 67 |
Traditional Tramps
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1) longest average time on the streets (6.1 years)
2) less social involvement with street...
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| 68 |
Hippie Tramps
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1) highlymobile and largely self-sufficient
2)avoid interaction with other street people
3)...
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| 69 |
Traditional Bums
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1) lack mobility
2) alcohol dependency
3) seldom engage in regular work
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| 70 |
Mentally Ill
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1) most consistently isolated, seldom initiate interaction
2) talk obsessively about bizarre...
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| 71 |
Two consistent themes for homeless people to "make sense of their situation"
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1) the quest for meaning, while ongoing challenge in everyday life
2) burden of finding meaning...
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| 72 |
Strategies for salvaging the self
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1) invoking causal accounts-reasons people give to render unstandable their behavior or the...
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| 73 |
Accounts
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Someone who commits an untoward act is asked to account for it, explain satisfactorily to others.
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| 74 |
Acclaimers
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wanting to have an act defined by others as central to his or her identity
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| 75 |
Conventional vs. Interpersonal Roles
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Conventional roles are situations as wholes. Routine situations in everyday life. Interpersonal...
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| 76 |
Norm of Reciprocity
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responding to a positive action with another positive action, rewarding kind actions.
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| 77 |
Moral Entrepreneurs
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individual, group or formal organization that seeks to influence a group to adopt or maintain...
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| 78 |
Emotion Work
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the art of trying to change in degree or quality an emotion or feeling
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| 79 |
Ways of Coordinating the Social Order
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Influence, creating social bonds, solving problems, trust, boundaries and talking.
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| 80 |
Justifications
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Accounts that reconcile untoward actions and social expectations
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