Section 1 - Anatomical Terms and Imaging, Vertebral Column, Back Muscles

- standing position
- body standing errect, facing ahead, limbs straight, feet pointed forward, arms by sides with palms facing forward and fingers extended
- the position in which the body is placed in order to facilitate anatomical description; looking at positional relationship of structures

1) Coronal or Frontal Planes

2) Sagittal Planes

3) Transverse or Horizontal Plane

- planes that pass through the body, divide the body into anterior and posterior parts
- division of the anterior and posterior part of the body is indefinite, not necessarily equal

- planes that pass through the body vertically (at right angle to the coronal planes)
- divide body into right and left parts
- Median Plane (or Medial Sagittal Plane) is the specific plane that divides body into equal halves
- all other sagittal planes called parasagittal planes

- also called Medial Sagittal Plane
- specific sagittal plane that divides body into equal right and left halves

- sagittal planes that pass through body parallel to the median plane
- divide body into right and left sides, but not equal division into right and left halves

- divides body into superior and inferior parts
- not necessarily equal

- nearer to head
- synonymous with term "cranial"

- nearer to feet
- synonymous with term "caudal"

- nearer to front
- aynonymous with "ventral"

- nearer to back
- synonymous with "dorsal"

- nearer to median plane
- "X is on medial side of Y"

- farther from median plane
- "X is on lateral side of Y"

- nearer to trunk or point of origin (of a limb etc)
- closer to root of limb/region

- farter from trunk or point of origin (of a limb etc)
- away from root of limb/region