Science Chapter 11 Key Terms

Science chapter 11 key terms

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Genetics
Scientific study of heredity.
Fertilization
Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female productive cells join to form a new cell.
True-Breeding
Term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate.
Trait
Specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another.
Hybrid
Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits.
Gene
Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait.
Allele
One of a number of different forms of a gene.
Segregation
Separation of alleles during gamete.
Gamete
Specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction.
Probability
Likelihood that a particular event will occur.
Punnett Square
Diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross.
Homozygous
Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait.
Heterozygous
Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait.
Phenotype
Physical characteristics of an organism.
Genotype
Genetic makeup of an organism.