Flashcard Set Preview
| Side A | Side B | ||
| 1 |
Multiethnic society
|
Many racial, religion, and cultural groups; most countries in the world; conflict is common;...
|
|
| 2 |
Ethnic Group
|
Shares a common cultural heritage and perceives itself as being distinct from other groups;...
|
|
| 3 |
Ethnocentrism
|
Universal practice in which we judge others based on the values and standards of our own group.
|
|
| 4 |
Race (Biological)
|
Classification based on genetically inherited characteristics.
|
|
| 5 |
Race (Social)
|
Perceptions of differences b/w groups, self-fulfilling prophecy.
|
|
| 6 |
Heterogenous Society
|
Different people
|
|
| 7 |
Homogenous Society
|
The same type of people
|
|
| 8 |
Why is race a problematic concept?
|
It is charged and misconceived that it is difficult to employ in a useful analytic manner,...
|
|
| 9 |
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
|
process in which the false definition of a situation produces behavior that makes real the...
|
|
| 10 |
What is the bell curve and why is it controversial?
|
says because IQ is genetic, a strong relationship with social pathologies, there's no way to...
|
|
| 11 |
How are ethnic groups ranked & what are the consequences of that ranking system?
|
dominant vs. minority - dominant is more favored and receives more of societies resources -...
|
|
| 12 |
Subordinate/Minority Group
|
Disproportionately, occupy poorer jobs, earn less income, live in less desirable areas, receive...
|
|
| 13 |
Dominant Group
|
Disproportionately, in high-ranking, prestigious positions, earn more money, have access to...
|
|
| 14 |
Middleman Minority Group
|
In b/w dominant and minority groups, money lenders, shop keepers, traders, independent professionals,...
|
|
| 15 |
Social Stratification
|
is a system of structured inequality in which people receive different amounts of society's...
|
|
| 16 |
Involuntary Immigration
|
forced, Slave trade
|
|
| 17 |
Rewards
|
Wealth, property, political office, arms, control of communication, and knowledge
|
|
| 18 |
Endogamy
|
marriage within cultural group
|
|
| 19 |
Ethnic Stratification
|
rank order of groups.
|
|
| 20 |
Social Mobility
|
movement b/w classes, in reality, very limited within one's own lifetime.
|
|
| 21 |
How are systems of racial inequality maintained in multiracial & examples of how this system...
|
The Dominant group maintains the inequality because they have the most access to resources...
|
|
| 22 |
What characteristics are associated with being in a minority/subordinate group?
|
occupy poorer jobs, earn less income, live in less desirable areas, receive inferior education,...
|
|
| 23 |
What characteristics are associated with being in the majority/dominant group?
|
In high-ranking, prestigious positions, earn more money, have access to and get a better education,...
|
|
| 24 |
Under what conditions is racial conflict most likely?
|
multiethnic societies.
|
|
| 25 |
Merton's Paradigm
|
Active Bigot - Prejudice & Discriminate (KKK)All Weather Liberal - Not Prejudice or Discriminatory...
|
|
| 26 |
Stereotypes
|
Socialized, widely recognized ideas about groups that are simplistic and exaggerated.
|
|
| 27 |
schemas/scripts
|
ideas about how the world works based on our socialization; cognitive shortcuts, can include...
|
|
| 28 |
Frustration-aggression theory
|
Scape Goating - experience a lack of power in their own life, will take out frustrations on...
|
|
| 29 |
Normative Theories
|
Source of prejudice and discrimination comes from socialization and reference groups.
|
|
| 30 |
Reference Groups
|
In groups - with whom we seek to affiliate, people we seek to model, to fit in with them
|
|
| 31 |
Power Conflict Theory
|
Economic gain, people discriminate for financial gain
|
|
| 32 |
Marxian Theory
|
Divide and rule
|
|
| 33 |
Split-Labor Market Theory
|
Dominant racial group of lower class are the agents of discrimination
|
|
| 34 |
Social Distance
|
The degree of intimacy people are prepared to establish in their relations with others
|
|
| 35 |
Prejudice
|
Ideas about ethnic groups in which all members of a group are judged negatively. Characteristics...
|
|
| 36 |
Discrimination
|
Actions that are used by the dominant group against the subordinate groups to maintain power...
|
|
| 37 |
What are the two types of discrimination and what are the differences between the two?
|
Individual - b/w two people or small groupsInstitutional - enacted through law, social customs,...
|
|
| 38 |
How are stereotypes learned?
|
Socially
|
|
| 39 |
What do studies of media effects on prejudice reveal?
|
They reinforce ideas already acquired before exposure.
|
|
| 40 |
How and why would politicians use racism?
|
to attain and enhance their own power.
|
|
| 41 |
Assimilation
|
Ethnicity no longer differentiates people or who has power.
|
|
| 42 |
Pluralism
|
Retention of ethnic group boundaries, still operating under shared political and economical...
|
|
| 43 |
Conflict vs. Order Theories
|
Conflict - pluralism, coercion to maintain order. (Marx)Order - assimilation, order is maintained...
|
|
| 44 |
Cultural Assimilation
|
One culture adopts another culture - language, religion, food, etc.
|
|
| 45 |
Structural Assimilation
|
Primary (informal) and secondary (formal) interactions, emotional bonds with people of different...
|
|
| 46 |
Integration
|
secondary structural assimilation, people of diverse ethnic groups come to interact in the...
|
|
| 47 |
Amalgamation
|
biological assimilation is the ultimate stage in the assimilation process, intermarriage -...
|
|
| 48 |
Psychological Assimilation
|
People don't think of groups as distinct, mixed race - common among first generation immigrants.
|
|
| 49 |
Park's Race Relations Cycle
|
Contact - groups meet through migrationCompetition - characterized by conflictAccommodation...
|
|
| 50 |
Gordon's Stages of Assimilation
|
Cultural or Behavioral assimilation (acculteration)Structural assimilation - the most important*...
|
|
| 51 |
Equalitarian Pluralism
|
Groups retain their cultural and, for the most part, structural integrity while participating...
|
|
| 52 |
Inequalitarian Pluralism
|
Outcomes and processes are clearly unequal for the society's various ethnic groups
|
|
| 53 |
Corporate Pluralistic Societies
|
Structural and cultural differences among ethnic groups are protected by the state, and institutional...
|
|
| 54 |
Assimilationist Societies
|
People encouraged to adopt dominant group traits.
|
|
| 55 |
What factors affect assimilation & which factors are the most important in determining...
|
Manner of entrance - different ways groups encounter each otherTime of Entrance - the more...
|
|
| 56 |
Which stages in Gordon's Stages of Assimilation theory are most important?
|
Cultural/Behavioral assimilation and Structural. Structural is most important.
|
|
| 57 |
Cultural Pluralism
|
Retain language, religion, foods, beliefs, values, customs, etc.
|
|
| 58 |
Nativism
|
Immigrants are threatening native way of life.
|
|
| 59 |
Push Factors
|
Circumstances that make you want to leave your home country - unstable, war, economic trouble
|
|
| 60 |
Pull Factors
|
Attractive features drawing people to a country - U.S. - economic opportunity
|
|
| 61 |
Network Factors
|
Family and friends who immigrated and report back to people from home country that they should/shouldn't...
|
|
| 62 |
Old Immigration/First Wave
|
1820-1880 - large amounts of people coming to US because of economic reasons, feeling unsafe,...
|
|
| 63 |
New Immigration/Second Wave
|
1880-1950 - 25 million immigrants, increasing diversity in society, non-protestant, eastern...
|
|
| 64 |
The newest/current immigration
|
1965 - erased the restrictive country-of-origin quota system, created system of criteria for...
|
No comments yet! Be the first to add a comment below!
Please login to post comments.
After login, we will forward you back to this flashcard.