Flashcard Set Preview
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Wilhelm Wundt
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1st psychology lab in Leipzig, GermanyFounder of Structuralism-focused on the mind and consciousness....
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John Watson
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Established Behavioralism-focused on relationship between experience and behavior.
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B.F Skinner
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Established Reinforcement-Skinner Box-animals and people learn through reinforcement.
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Sigmund Freud
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Established Psychoanalytic Perspective-emphasis on importance of unconcious motives and internal...
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Replication
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Process of repeating a study to see if the same results are yielded.
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Psycology
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Scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
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Psychoanalytic
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-Emphasis on unconscious forces on human behavior. -Once was dominant psycological perspective.-We...
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Behavioral
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-Studies behaviors associated with certain actions-Red in the face when you are angry-Focuses...
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Huministic
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-Emphasis on human capacity for self-fulfillment and the importance of self-awareness and the...
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Cognitive
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-Emphasis on the role thoughts play in determining behavior. -How people percieve information...
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Evolutionary
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-Evolution of bahvior and mental processes-Survival of the fittest-Charles Darwin -Bahvior...
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Sociocultural
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-Studies influence of ethnicity, gender, culture and socioeconomic status on behavior and mental...
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Trephining
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Creating a hole in the skull to release evil spirits.
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Why Study Psycology?
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1.Develop a theory that attempts to exxplain why things are.2. To create a principle.
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Clinical Psychologists
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Help people with serious psychological problems.
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Forensic Psychologists
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Study witnesses and testify about their competence and describe psychological problems.
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Random Sample
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Select individuals by chance.
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Generalization
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If a sample is random, results are more generalizable to the target population.
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Case Study
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In depth investigation of an individual or small group.
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Logitudinal
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Observe a group of people over a long period of time.
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Cross-Section
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Select people of different ages and compare their behaviors to each other.
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Naturalistic Observation
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Observe people or animals in their natural environment.
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Survey
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A list of questions given out to gather information.
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Experiment
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Participants recieve a treatment to determine how it will influence their behavior.
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Independent Variable
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What the experimenter manipulates or uses in the experiment. It is what is being tested.
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Dependent Variable
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Is the result of the independent variable, or the outcome. Did it have an effect?
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Intervening Variables
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Allergy, taken incorrectly, other meds.
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Control Group
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Do not recieve treatment.
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Experimental Group
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Recieve the treatment.
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+ Correlation
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Both variables increase together.
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- Correlation
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One variable increases while the other decreases.
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Placebo
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Substance that has no effect apart from a persons belief in it.
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Double-Blind
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Participants and experimenters are unaware of who recieves treatment (FDA requires this for...
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Single-Blind
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Participants do not know if they are the control group or the experimenter group.
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Animal Research
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-When experiments cannot be done on people b/c of ethical reasons-Examine attachments, mental...
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Steps of Scientific Research
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1. Form a question2. Form a hypothesis3. Test the hypothesis4. Analyze results of test 5. Draw...
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