psychology 5

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developing throughout a life time


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Created Oct 11, 2011
by jbowling1

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1	Developmental psychology	A branch of studies physical, cognitive, and social change through the life span.
2	Three main issues in developmental Psychology	1. Nature/Nurture ...
3	How do genetic inheritance (our nature) and experience ( the nurture we receive) influence...	Nature/Nurture ...
4	Is development a gradual, continuous process or a sequence of separate stages?	Continuity/stages
5	Do our early personality traits persist through life, or do we become different persons as...	Stability / change
6	Prenatal development	Fertilization,zygote, (14 days) embryo, (9 weeks on) Fetus.
7	Infant reflexes	Aid in survival eg. Rooting reflex, crying
8	Infancy	Newborn to toddler
9	Childhood	Toddler to teenager
10	Teratogens	Agents, such as chemical (drugs) and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal...
11	A mother drinks alcohol what is the danger of that	She is harming the baby by Teratogens.
12	Which of these is a teratogen	1. An alcoholic mother with child. 2....
13	FAS - fetal alcohol syndrome	Physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by a pregnant woman's heavy drinking....
14	Maturation	The biological growth processes that are relatively uninfluenced by experience. Development...
15	Maturation is to education as	Nature is to nurture
16	Maturation sets the basic course of development, while experience	Adjusts it.
17	The earliest age of conscious memory is	Around 3 and a half years. Need a sense of self, increased long-term memory, and organization...
18	Cognition	All mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering and communicating.
19	Schemas	Are mental molds into which we pour our experiences.
20	Assimilation	Involves interpreting our new experiences into our current understanding (schema).
21	Accommodation	Adapting our current understandings (schema) to incorporates new information.
22	Players stages of cognitive development	1. Sensorimotor. ...
23	Sensorimotor	(birth to about 2years) experiencing the world through senses and actions. the video about...
24	Object permanence	stranger anxiety
25	Pre operational	(2 to about 6or 7 years) too young to perform mental operations. Representing things with...
26	Concrete operational	( about 7 to 11 years) think logically about concrete events conservation, mathematical transformations....
27	Formal operational	(about 12 through adulthood) abstract reasoning, abstract logic, potential for mature moral...
28	Object performance	Objects that are out of sight are also out of mind (sensorimotor)
29	Egocentrism	They cannot perceive things from another's point of view.
30	Theory of mind	The ability to infer other's mental states (starts between 3 and a half years old to four and...
31	Children who go in front of television and block your view assume that you can see the TV this...	Egocentrism
32	Conservation	Reasoning that properties such A's mass, volume and number remain the same despite changes...
33	Stronger anxiety	Is the fear of strangers that develop at around 8 months
34	Origins of attachment	1. Bodily Contacts ...
35	Relaxed and attentive caregiving becomes the " "	the backbone of secure attachment (vs. Insecure attachment)
36	Separation anxiety peaks at	13 months of age, regardless of whether the children are home or sent o day care.
37	Critical period for the formation of a mother-infant attachment can not be	Well defined
38	if parental or caregiving support is deprived for an extended period of time	Children are at risk for physical, psychological and social problems, including alterations...
39	Three types of child-rearing practices	Authoritarian, permissive, authoritative
40	Authoritarian example	Parents impose rules and expect obedience
41	Permissive	Parents submit to children's demands.
42	Authoritative	Parents are demanding and responsive to their children.
43	General principal with All child-rearing advice	reflects the advice giver's values.
44	Adolescence	Is defined as a life between childhood and adulthood.
45	Adolescence begins with	Puberty (sexual maturation)
46	Moral development	Kohl berg moral stages. He sought to describe the development of moral reasoning by posing...
47	Social development	Erickson's stages of psychological development. Each stage of life has it's own psychological...
48	Main task of adolescence	Identity vs. Role confusion (refining a sense of self)
49	Emerging adulthood spans from	18 to 25 years old
50	Research strongly suggests that those who live together before they are married have a higher-than...	Premarital cohabitation
51	The peak of performance occurs around	20 years of age
52	Aging and memory	Recognition memory does not decline with age, and material that is meaningful is recalled better...
53	Fluid intelligence is	Ability to reason specify and declines with age.
54	Crystalline intelligence is	Accumulated knowledge and skill does not decline with age.
55	Psychologists doubt that adults pass through	An orderly sequence of age-bound stages
56	defining themes in adult life in	Love and work
57	influences on successful aging	Biological, psychological , social -cultural
58	Biological influences	no genetic predisposition to dementia or other diseases , appropriate nutrition
59	Psychological influences	optimistic outlook , physically and mentally active life-style
60	social cultural influences	support from family and friends, meaningful activities, cultural respect for aging, safe living...
61	The normal range of reactions or grief stages after death of a loved one .....	Varies widely. However, many people believe there are stages of grief.