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Related Flashcards
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Cards In This Set
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Determinism
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The first canon of Science. The idea that the universe isn't random and that there is order.
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Empiricism
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The second canon of Science. The best way of figuring out these orderly principles is by collecting data and making observations.
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Parsimony
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The third canon of Science. The idea that if there are two competeing theories that successfully do a good job at explaining a set of empirical observations, we should choose the simpler of the two.
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Testability
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The fourth canon of Science. The idea that a scientific theory must be tedtable
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The Scientific Method
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HOMER: Hypothesize, Operationalize, Measure, Evaluate and Replicate/revise/report.
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Descriptive Studies
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Studies that involve observing and classifying behaviour.
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Naturalistic Observation
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A type of descriptive study where the observer naturally observers behaviour without altering it.
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Participant Observation
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When the observer is involved in the situation being studied.
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Correlational Studies
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Does not involve any manipulation. You look at two variables and see if there is any relationship between the two variables.
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Third variable problem (assoc. with correlational studies)
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The third variable problem refers to the fact that there may bw some other variable that we haven't considered that may be causing changes in A and B variables.
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Directionality problem (assoc. with correlational studies)
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When we can't say whether A is causing B or B is causing A.
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Independent Variable
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Variable that is being manipulated in a study in order to see its impact on the dependent variable.
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Dependent variable
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What is being measured in order to see how it is affected by the independent variable.
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Confound
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Anything that may unintentionally vary along with the independent variable.
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The Hawthorne Effect
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Whether or not the experimentees are aware that they are being observed or not.
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