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Cards In This Set
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What are two different parts of the neurons and what are their primary functions?
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Dendrites- Recieve signals from other neurons then send them to cell bodyCell body (aka soma)- Cells life support. Recieves info from dendrites/ other neurons and integrates it
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What is a neuron?
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Base building block of the nervous system that convey info to different parts of the NS and activiate muscles and glands
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What are two more different parts of the neurons and what are their primary functions?
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Axon- Info flows down axon in form of electricalAxon terminals- contains neuro transmitters that carry messages to muscles, glands and other neurons
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What are glial cells and what are their functions?
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Provide neurons nourshimentHold neurons in placeIsolate brain from toxinsForm Myelin sheath
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What is the myelin sheath?
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Fatty insulation of nerouns around some axons that help speed conduction impulse
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What roles do the resting potential, action potential and negative after potential play in the nerve impulse?
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Resting potential= The electrical charge of an inactive neuron. Messages from other neurons will raise or lower resting potentialAction potential= Electrical current that is sent down an axonNegative after potential- When a cell drops below resting potential and is less likely to fire
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What is a synapse?
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Gap between neurons and muscles in which one in which one neuron realses a chemical that excites or inhibits the next neuron
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What are inhibitory and excitatory synapses?
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Excitatory synapse- When the binding of the Neuro transimitor to the receptor causes positively charged to enter the cell raising the likelyhood of an action potentialInhibitory synapse- When the binding of the neurotransmiters causes negatively charged ions to enter cell decreasing the likelyhood of an action potential
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What are neurtotransmitters? and how do they affect the postsynaptic neuron?
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Chemical realeased by neuron that affects other neuronspostsynaptic neuron???
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What endorphins and how do they affect the body?
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Produced by piutary gland and hypothalanks. they are the bodies nautral opitates that are realeased in response to pain and excerise
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How do drugs alter Neurotransmitters?
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Agonists- Work by miciming the effects of NTAntagonists- Work by blocking the NTs
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What are the major divisions of the nervous system and what are their functions?
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Central nervous system- Brain and spinal cordsPeripheral nervous system- can be divided into two major partsSomatic- Carries messages to and fro the sense organ, controls voluntary behaviorAutonimac- controls internal organs and glands Sympathetic- emergency Parashypathetic- quiets the body and returns it to lower arsoul
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What is the difference between the sympathetic and parasympethic nervous systems?
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Sympathetic system- Responds to emergencies by activiating body resources (aka fight or flight response)Parasympathetic- Controls the normal operations of the body, calms us down after an emergency
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What four structures make up the hindbrain and what are their functions?
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Medulla- Controls heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, coughing and swallowingPons- Important for muscle controlReticualr formation- Plays important role in arousal and attention, screens messages entering brainCerebellum- Imporant in motor control. Contributes to motor cordinanation and timing, posture involved in basic learning
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Function of the midbrain?
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Involved in some sensory reflexes and helps regulate brain arousal
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