Psychology Ch.14 (Psychological Disorders)

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Medical model
The conceptualization of psychological disorders as diseases that, like physical diseases, have biological causes, defined symptoms, and possible cures
DSM IV TR
diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
A classification system that describes the features used to diagnose each recognized mental disorder and indicates how the didsorder can be distinguised from other, similar problems
Comorbidity
The co-occurence of two or more disorders in a single individual
Diathesis-stress model
Suggests that a person may be predisposed for a mental disorder that remains unexpressed until triggered by stress
Intervention-causation fallacy
The assumption that if a treatment is effective, it must address the cause of the problem
(what if the problem is something mental and you just cured the physical symptoms?)
Ansiety disorders recognized in DSM IV TR
Generalized anxiety disorder
phobic disorders
panic disorder
obsessive compulsive disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Disorder characterized by chronic excesive worry accompanied by three or more of the following symptoms: reslessness, fatigue, concentration problems, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbance
Phobic disorders
Disorders characterized by marked, persistent, and excessive fear and avoidance of specific objects, activities, or situations
Specific phobia
A disorder that involves an irrational fear of a particular object or situation that markedly interferes with an individual's ability to function
Social phobia
A disorder that involves an irrational fear of being publicly humiliated or embarrased
Preparedness theory
The idea that people are instinctively predisposed toward certain fears
Panic disorder
A disorder characterized by the sudden occurrence of multiple psychological and physiological symptoms that contribute to a feeling of stark terror
Agoraphobia
Specific panic disorder; an extreme fear of venturing into public places
Obsessive compulsive disorder
OCD
Disorder in which repetitive, intrusive thoughts, obsessions, and ritualistic behaviors, compulsions, designed to fend off those thoughts interferee significantly with an individual's functioning
Mood disorders
Mental disorders that have mood distubance as their predominant feature