Flashcard Set Preview
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| 1 |
Natural Selection
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-Because
resources are limited, organisms must necessarily battle for survival
...
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| 2 |
Requirements for
Natural Selection: (evolution by natural selection assumes…)
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Variability
-there must be variability in genes and traits among t in population so
there...
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| 3 |
Vestigial structures
and importance to Darwin
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Existence
of useless vestigial structures supports Darwin, and doesn’t support...
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| 4 |
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we retain the child form throughout life because we grow a lot slower
than animals.
Neoteny...
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| 5 |
Personal vs.
Inclusive Fitness
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Personal-
direct reproductive prowess
Inclusive-
assistance of kin’s...
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| 6 |
Vervet monkeys and
calls
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Proto-language;
like language
Universal
communication to warn each other...
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| 7 |
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type of inherited pattern of behavior. movement toward of against a simple stimulus...
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| 8 |
Fixed action patterns
and releasing stimuli
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subroutines in a program – a behavior sequence that is coded. A
stereotype ritualized...
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| 9 |
Imprinting and
critical (sensitive) periods
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narrow window of time that
is opened up around birth and you latch on to the first...
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| 10 |
Tryon
behavior-genetics study
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rat maze experiement. Those who did
well in the maze were interbred.
After a few...
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| 11 |
Research on human imprinting
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Do humans imprint? NO human babies
don’t have a rigid imprinting period.
But...
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| 12 |
Types of mating
systems(5)
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Monogamy-
pair-bonding
Polygamy-
one animal has many mates
Polyandry-
...
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| 13 |
Rationale for sexual
reproduction
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Hedge
against environmental change
no
current reason for humans (Phylogenetic...
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| 14 |
Advantage of sexual
reproduction
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increased
genetic variation in offspring which increases the likelihood of at...
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| 15 |
Sexual dimorphism
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females are much bigger than males animals
exception is in species with proportionally...
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| 16 |
Evolutionary
explanations of altruism (2 reasons)
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-Genetic
self interest; if you help a kin to survive and reproduce then you are
...
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| 17 |
Evolutionary
explanation of sex roles
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Male
is stronger and more in control to take care of female when she is
...
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| 18 |
Sexual selection
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natural selection in which members on one sex compete for reproductive
access...
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| 19 |
Male displays
resulting from sexual selection
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Males
advertise and females are more choosy.
Male behavioral
displays rams...
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| 20 |
“Female choice”
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Overt
(I chose you and not you) and cryptic (ova looks for sperm)
Testing
...
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| 21 |
Aspects of human
mating system
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Mostly
monogamy with some polygyny
-monogamy and
some polygamy.
- Male...
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| 22 |
“Correlated variations” with sexual orientation
(finger...
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Tend to run in family. Females in families with gay males tend to be
more fertile....
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| 23 |
Kinsey survey
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First
important survey of human sexual behavior
-Large
sample, -not...
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| 24 |
Gender identity
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gender that a person regards him or herself as being
most
people with male genitals...
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| 25 |
Intersexes
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People
with an anatomy that appears intermediate between a male and a female
...
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| 26 |
Sexual orientation
and possible determinants
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Heterosexuality: >90% population
Gay males = four percent
Gay females:...
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| 27 |
James-Lange theory of
emotion
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-have a situation, then think about it, then act, then perceive action, then
have...
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| 28 |
Cognitive (Schachter-Singer)
theory of emotion
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2 diff
parts of emotion (intensity and type)
-physiological
arousal will tell...
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| 29 |
“Positive psychology”
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The
study of features that enrich life, such as happiness, hopefulness,
...
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| 30 |
Effects of wealth on
well-being
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Wealth
cant make u happy, but extreme poverty can make you sad
Predictors
of...
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| 31 |
Effects of crying
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-Crying
does nothing to help relieve tension
-Increase
sympathetic nervouse system...
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| 32 |
How the polygraph
works
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Machine
that simultaneously measures heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure,
...
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| 33 |
risk factors for violent beahvior
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Threatened
self esteem
Genetic
factor
Violence
in upbringing
No guilt
after...
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