Flashcard Set Preview
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| 1 |
regular,
recurring arrangements in space of adjacent
amino acid residues in a polypeptide...
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secondary structure
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| 2 |
angle between N and alpha carbon atom
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phi φ
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| 3 |
angle between C of the carbonyl and alpha carbon atom
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psi ψ:
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| 4 |
determines the secondary structure of the polypeptide.
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combination of φ and ψ
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| 5 |
a way to visualize dihedral angles φ against ψ of amino acid residues in protein structure....
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Ramachandran Plot
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| 6 |
folded structure
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-60 phi -60 psi
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| 7 |
extended structure
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120 psi -120 phi
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| 8 |
Polypeptide chains can fold into the following secondary structures
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αhelixβsheetβturnsΏloop
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| 9 |
How is alpha helix stabilized?
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 coiled structure stabilized by intrachain hydrogen bond (within same polypeptide) |
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| 10 |
Where are the hydrogen atoms in the alpha helix?
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amide hydrogen and carbonyl oxygen. Found every 4th residue
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| 11 |
In an alpha helix, there are ____ amino acids per turn of helix:
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3.6 a.a. per turn of helix
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| 12 |
What is more common right or left handed for alpha helix?
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right-handed (-60,-60) α helix is more favorable thus more common than
left-handed (60,60)...
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| 13 |
Name two examples of proteins containing an alpha helix:
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Ferritin and fibrous proteins
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| 14 |
A helix needs at least ____ residues
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7 so there can be 2 full turns
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| 15 |
Explain structure of collagen: (in terms of structure)
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three α helices forming a superhelical cable stablized by hydrogen bonds
between the chains.
glycine=every...
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| 16 |
What is the role of proline?
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Proline prevents intra-chain H-bonding and forms kinks in chain
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| 17 |
Beta Sheets are composed of?
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composed of two or more polypeptide chains
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| 18 |
How are B sheets stabilized?
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stabilized by hydrogen bonding between polypeptide chains (interchain hydrogen bonds
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| 19 |
Side chains of Beta sheets are where?
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side chains of adjacent amino acids points in opposite directions
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| 20 |
What are parallel B sheets?
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NH- - C=O of the adjacent strand
C=O- -NH of the a.a. two residues further along the chain.
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| 21 |
Explain the difference in hydrogen bonding of the alpha-helix and the
beta-pleated sheet...
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Alpha helix is H bonding within one single polypeptide. Beta sheet H bonding occurs between...
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| 22 |
What are anti-parallel B sheets?
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NH- -C=O and C=O- -NH of adjacent chain
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| 23 |
What is a B turn?
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C=O of one residue is hydrogen bonded to NH of the a.a. three residues
further along the...
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| 24 |
What is a Ώloop?
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rigid and well defined
contain a.a. residues
can't plot on Ramachandran plot
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| 25 |
What determines whether a particular sequence in a protein forms an α
helix, a B sheet or...
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observation of the frequency of a certain amino acid residues in secondary
structures
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| 26 |
What amino acids are common in the α-Helix?
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alanine, glutamate, leucine
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| 27 |
What amino acids are common in the B sheet?
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Valine, Isoleucine
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| 28 |
What amino acids are common in the B turn?
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glycine, asparganine, proline
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| 29 |
What is unique about Proline with structures?
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Proline disrupts both α helices and β-sheets because it lacks an NH group
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| 30 |
structure of the whole polypeptide (3D structure), folding of an individual
polypeptide
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Tertiary Structure
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| 31 |
How is tertiary structure in proteins stabilized?
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stabilized by weak interaction and hydrophobic effect
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| 32 |
Where are the hydrophobic and hydrophilic residues found?
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hydrophobic residues are generally on the inside and hydrophillic residues
are on the outside
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| 33 |
What is denaturation? What happens to the protein? How does it occur?
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loss of tertiary structure and function
disruption of hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen...
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| 34 |
How do organic solvents disrupt bonds?
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disrupt hydrogen bonding by forming their own hydrogen bonds with the
protein residues.
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| 35 |
Explain structure of alpha keratin:
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- 2 alpha helices that are coiled together- L handed - interruptions can occur, disulfide...
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| 36 |
What amino acid is common every 7th residue on an alpha keratin?
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leucine
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| 37 |
Most abundant protein in animals
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collagen
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| 38 |
What is the basic structure of collagen
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3 left handed helical chains coiled around each other to form right handed helix (not alpha...
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| 39 |
What are the most common amino acids found in collagen?
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35% glycine21% proline (hydroxyproline)11% AlanineGly-Pro-XGly-X- Hyp
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