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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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Which space for needle insertion for Tension Pneumothorax?
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2nd intercostal space
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Chest tube insertion?
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4th intercostal space
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Where would you locate the lower margin of an endotrachial tube on a CXR?
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T4
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The inferior tip of the scapula is a useful bony landmark for?
significance? |
7th rib or intercostal place
T7-T8 interspace as a landmark for thoracentesis |
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Bifurcation of the trachea
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Level of the sternal angle, anteriorly to the t4 spinous process.
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Keep in mind 7 DDx for CP
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1. Myocardium (Angina, MI)
2. Pericardium (Pericarditis) 3. Aorta (Dissection Aortic Aneurysm) 4. The trachea and the large bronchi (bronchitis) 5. Parietal Pleura (Pericarditis, pneumonia) 6. the chest wall with teh musculoskeltal system and skin (costchondritis, herpes zoster) 7. Esophagus (reflux esophagitis, esophageal spasm) 8. Extrathoracia structures (neck, gallbladder, stomach) cervical arthritis, biliary colic, gastritis. |
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Clenched fist over the sternum suggest?
Finger pointing to a tender area in the chest wall suggest? hand moving from neck to epigastrum suggest? |
Angina pectoris
Musculoskeletal pain heartburn |
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What are the 2 MC cause of CP in children?
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Anxiety is the most frequent, but costochondritis is also common.
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CC of Dyspnea (9)
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Left sided heart failure (left ventricular failure or mitral stenosis)
Chronic Bronchitis COPD Asthma Diffuse interstitial lung dz (sarcoidosis, widespread neoplasms, asbestosis, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) Pneumonia Spontaneous pneumothorax Acute pulmonary embolism Anxiety with Hyperventilation |
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What are the s/s of anxious pt with dyspnea
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Episoidic dyspnea during both rest and exercise, and hyperventilation or paid shallow breathing. at other times they may sigh frequently.
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What does sx of wheezing suggest?
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Partial airway obstruction from secretions, tissue inflammations, or foreign body.
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Cough can be a symtom of...
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Left sided heart failure
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What are the DDx for hemoptysis (9)
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Bacterial pneumonias
Klebsiella Chronic bronchitis Bronchiectasis Pulmanry tuberculosis Lung abscess Neoplasm (cancer of the lung) left ventricular heart failure or mitral stenosis pulmonary embolism |
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Classify a cough duration from acute, subacute, chronic
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1. Acute- lasting less then 3 weeks
2. Subacute-3-8 weeks 3. Chronic > 8 weeks |
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What are the MC causes of acute cough? other considerations (5)
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Viral upper respiratory infections are the most common cause of acute cough.
acute bronchitis pneumonia left ventricular heart failure asthma foreign body |
