Personality Exam I - Cognitive Issues

Cognitive issues

26 cards   |   Total Attempts: 182
  

Cards In This Set

Front Back
Definitions of cognition
General terms for any or all thought processes
Definitions of perception
The process by which order is imposed upon information taken in by sensory organs
Information processing, attribution, schema
Information processing- how information (sensory input or mental representations) are manipulated, transformed, and or transmitted (computer analogy – input-output relationships)
Interpretation- what meaning is assigned to what is perceived
Schema - a way of perceiving events
Rod and Frame test
1940s, Solomaon Asch and Herman WitkinExperiment dealing with field dependence-Independency
Field Independence/Dependence (and its correlates)
Field independent - more differentiated
Correlates:
-Career Choice: science more often
-Autonomy: more radical, less dependent on surroundings
-problem solving: on own
-hunting

Field dependent - more holistic
-Career Choice: choose social work, teacher, minister socially focused
-Autonomy: mot wanting to break social rules
-problem solving: seek help
-interpersonal: more socially focused, more friends more eye contact
-agrarian(gatherer)
-guilt vs shame: feel more guilt and shame b/c want to fit into whole/ standard
Embedded figures
Answer 6
Thinking styles differ, field independent –analytical and differentiated Vs. dependent – view things in the bigger picture, more holistic Field independent requires more cognitive restructuring
Reducer-augmenter concept and pain perception
Anaseth Petrie, back in the 60s
Low pain tolerance –augmenter –nervous system amplified sensory stimulation
High tolerance – nervous system dampened Reducers have lower brain electrical responses to stimuli, expands to other areas
Taster Status
Nontaster and supertaster
super taster has often has other intense senses
Emotional Stroop
Colored words of emtions
Stronger emotions takes you longer to read.
Emotional Blink of Attention (Emotion Induced Blindness)
Experiment: series of pics and asks the subject to respond to the pic with wrong orientation, but few pics before is a brutally shocking picture to induce an emotional blink of attention.
Attentional Control
Higher attentional control = lower neurotism
Locus of control- Rotter- Attributional theory
Origin of attributions as a topic of study is 1950s with Julian Rotter – Worked with basic reinforcement paradigms in humans, but focused on the expectancies of reward, -noticed major differences in the subjects’ expectancies, and what they attributed the reward contingencies to. Locus of control whether one attributes responsibility internally or externally –
general expectancies-internal take charge, activeexternal- passive.
Learned helplessness – Animal model vs. reformulated model in humans.
Animals- I can’t escape. Control is external, animal becomes passive. For humans, Moved to a cognitive model – What are the explanations of events (3 key factors)
Pessimistic vs. Optimistic attributional styles
Pessimistic: internal, stable, global
Optimistic: external, unstable, specific
Cognitive triad
Selfworldfuture