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| 1 |
Most frequent site of emboli from intestinal blood supply.
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Superior mesenteric artery
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Ischemic bowel suffers injury from
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Reperfusion--free radicals, NTs, inflammation
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| 3 |
Transmural infarction usually due to...
Where?
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total occlusion of a major mesenteric artery
Splenic flexure
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Infarction of only the mucosa
Infarction of mucosa + submucosa
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Mucosal infarction
Mural infarction
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| 5 |
Most common cause of mural/mucosal infarctions?
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Acute or chronic hypoperfusion
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Pt has bloody diarrhea. Endoscopy normal. Intestine shows mucosal inflammation and ulceration....
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Chronic ischemia
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Mortality rate of bowel infarct.
Signs (2)
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50-75%
1. Bowel sounds fade / disappear
2. Board-like rigidity of abdominal wall...
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| 8 |
Angiodysplasia?
Sign?
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dilation of submucosal and mucosal vessels--esp in the cecum or ascending colon
Lower...
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| 9 |
Cause of hemorrhoids?
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Persistently elevated venous pressure--constipation with straining, venous stasis of pregnancy, portal...
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Difference b/t internal / external hemorrhoids?
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internal: above anorectal line
external: below
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| 11 |
Diverticulum location
Cause--at least partially?
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L colon
Lower fiber diet
Increased intraluminal pressure
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| 12 |
Most common sx of colon diverticulum
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a-sx
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| 13 |
Intestinal obstruction: most common site
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small intestine
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| 14 |
Complications of a hernia (2)
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Incarceration: permanent trapping of bowel
Strangluation: bowel becomes infarcted
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| 15 |
Peritonitis from surgery, endometriosis, or infection may produce
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adhesions
Loops of bowel may become trapped--internal hernia
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