Orofacial Anatomy Lect, Exam 2

1. ​Blood vessel carrying blood AWAY from heart
2. Blood vessel TO heart, get pumped with O2, larger and more numerous

​NOTE: Arteries supply the structures in their vicinity & veins receive blood from the nearby structures

Maxillary artery, 2nd branch

Largest terminal branch of External Carotid artery, ​3 parts:

1. ​Mandibular part
2. Pterygoid part
3. Pterygopalatine part

Lateral pterygoid muscle

Pterygoid plexus of veins, which:

• then drains into the maxillary vein that then merges with the superficial temporal vein into the retromandibular vein into the internal jugular vein.
• The pterygoid plexus can accommodate changes in volume of the infratemporal fossa that occur when the mandible moves

(Surrounds the 2nd part-Pterygoid), protects the maxillary artery from compression during mastication (by filling or emptying), changing in volume within the infratemporal fossa when mandible moves

• ​You would not want to inject into it:

1. cause HEMOTOMA- bruising
2. spread cancer or dental (odontogenic) infection

1. Angular artery: supplies lateral side of naris
2. Inferior labial artery: supplies lower lip & same area of muscles of facial expression
3. ​Superior labial artery: supplies upper lip & same area of muscles of facial expression
4. Submental artery: supplies mylohyoid & digastric muscles
5. Ascending palatine artery (1st branch): supplies soft palate, palatine muscles, palatine tonsils
   • terminate at the medial canthus of eye

NOTE: arteries follow same path as nerves for most part (lymphatic too), all take regions where located

Internal & common carotid arteries, internal jugular vein, Vagus nerve

Maxillary artery (1st and 3rd part)

• ​Drains into the maxillary vein,
• MAJOR VEIN: Retromandibular

​Definition: "collection of veins around pterygoid muscles & maxillary arteries draining deep face and alveolar veins into Maxillary vein.

Vein that collects from Pterygoid plexus of veins (while accompanying the maxillary artery) and merges with superficial temporal vein and forming the retromandibular vein.

PSA block

Just posterior to the mental foramen; both come from Trigeminal nerve, V_​3​

1. ​Masseter m. - muscular branch, Masseteric nerve
2. Temporalis m. - muscular branch, Deep temporal nerve
3. Medial Pterygoid m. - Medial Pterygoid nerve
4. Lateral Pterygoid m. - muscular branch, Lateral pterygoid nerve

Mandibular V_​3 ​which then branches out further to the muscles; V₃ does not serve ALL muscles of mastication