Flashcard Set Preview
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lipids
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a diverse group of organic substances that are insoluble in water; lipids include triglycerides,...
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triglyceride
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a molecules consisting of three fatty acids attached to three-carbon glycerol backbone
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fatty acids
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long chains of carbon atoms bound to each other as well as to hydrogen atoms
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glycerol
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an alchohol composed of three carbon atoms; it is the backbone of a triglyceride molecule
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Short, medium and long-chain fatty acids
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short: fatty acid fewer than 6 carbon atoms lengthmedium: 6-12 carbon atoms in lengthlong:...
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Saturated fatty acids (SFAs)
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fatty acids that have no carbons joined together with a double bond; these types of fatty acids...
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monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFAs)
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fatty acids with 2 carbons in chain bound with double bond; generally liquid at room temperature
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polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)
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more than one double bond in chain; generally liquid at room temperature
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hydrogenation
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the process of adding hydrogen to unsaturated fatty acids, making them more saturated and thereby...
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phospholipids
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type of lipid with glycerol backbone attached to 2 fatty acids and another compound that contains...
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sterols
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type of lipid found in food and in body that has a ring structure, cholesterol is most common...
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micelle
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spherical compound made up of bile and phospholipids; traps and transports free fatty acids,...
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lipoprotein
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spherical compound in which fat clusters into the centre and phosopholipids and proteins form the outisde...
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chylomicron
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a lipoprotein produced in the mucosal cells lining the intestine; transports dietary fat from...
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lipoprotein lipase
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an enzyme that sits on the outside of cells and breaks apart triglycerides so that their fatty...
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essential fatty acids (EFA)
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fatty acids that must be consumed in the diet because they cannot be made by our bodies. the...
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linoleic acid
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essential fatty acid found in vegetables and nut oil; an omega 6 fatty acid
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alpha-linolenic acid
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an essential fatty acid found in leafy green vegetables, flaxseed oil, soy oil, fish oil, fish...
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visible fats
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fat we can see in our foods or see added to foods, such as butter, margarine, cream, shortening,...
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invisible fat
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fats hidden in foods, such as baked goods, regular-fat diary products, marbling in meat, and...
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eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
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a very long chain PUFA (20:5) found pre-formed in fish and fish oils. EPA and DHA appear to...
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decosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
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very long chain PUFA (22:6); critical for proper development of central nervous system and...
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cardiovascular disease
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general term that refers to abnormal conditions involving the heart and blood vessels; cardiovascular...
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