Flashcard Set Preview
| Side A | Side B | ||
| 1 |
What are the two ways of removing
transmitter from the synapse?
|
degradation and reuptake
|
|
| 2 |
what are the two classes of
neurotransmitter receptors?
|
Ionotropic and Metabotropic
|
|
| 3 |
What are the 3 types of transmitters?
|
Excitatory, inhibitory and modulatory
|
|
| 4 |
what are the directions that neurotransmitters can signal?
|
anterrograde and retrograde
|
|
| 5 |
What does reuptake consist of?
|
use of pumps to actively remove transmitter from the synapse (glutamate, GABA, serotonin, dopamine)
|
|
| 6 |
What does degradation consist of? Give 3 examples of the transmitters and their degradation...
|
enzymatic destruction of the transmitter. ACh(cholinesterase) ATP/adenosine(deaminase)...
|
|
| 7 |
what structure often removes glutamate from the synapse?
|
astrocytes (they have very strong pumps to remove glu) they form tight complexes so glu cannot...
|
|
| 8 |
describe ionotropic receptors
|
they are basically ligand-gated ion channels, transmitter binds and ions (immediate effects...
|
|
| 9 |
describe metabotropic receptors
|
they are G-protein coupled receptors that can influence channels or 2nd messenger pathways...
|
|
| 10 |
which ions carry current through ionotropic receptors?
|
Na and K for cholinergic receptors, ionotropic receptors can often pass more than one ion
|
|
| 11 |
Name 3 physical differences in excitatory and inhibitory synapses:
|
1. excitatory: round vesicles; inhibitory: flat vesicles
2. excitatory: on spine; inhibitory:on...
|
|
| 12 |
what different classes of organisms have evolved toxins that interfere with synaptic function?
|
plants, prey animals, predators
|
|
| 13 |
What does BoTX, tetnus Latrotoxin affect? Mechanism?
|
vesicle fusion (they cleave SNARE proteins)
|
|
| 14 |
what does TTX inhibit?
|
Na+ channels
|
|
| 15 |
What do conotoxins inhibit?
|
Ca2+ channels
|
|
| 16 |
what does sarin nerve gas inhibit?
|
cholinesterase
|
|
| 17 |
what do alpha bungarotoxin, alpha cobratoxin, nicotine, epibatidine, and curare inhibit?
|
ACh receptors
|
|
| 18 |
Where does TTX come from?
|
pufferfish
|
|
| 19 |
Where does conotoxin come from?
|
the predatory cone snail
|
|
| 20 |
Where do botulinum and tetanus toxins come from?
|
bacteria
|
|
| 21 |
What is another term for sarin nerve gas and where does it come from?
|
Neostigmine; artificial
|
No comments yet! Be the first to add a comment below!
Please login to post comments.
After login, we will forward you back to this flashcard.