Microbiology - Microbial Ecology & Medical Microbiology

56 cards

Topic 7 & 8 in Prof Stark General Microbiology 3300, USUKey Words

Created Dec 11, 2011
by shanzanahsyt

Shuffle Cards

Table View

Download

Flashcard Set Preview

	Side A	Side B
1	Degrades recalcitrant (resistant) material	Autochthonous
2	How elements cycle thorough the environment; chemistry of living & nonliving systems	Biogeochemistry
3	Using microbes to clean up toxic wastes/dumps (gas spills/leak of toxins)	Bioremediation
4	Group of organisms which work together for a process to occur	Consortium
5	Conversion of Nitrate to N2O & N2 gases, among other things	Denitrification
6	bacteria genus associated with woody plants which forms a symbiotic N-fixing relationship	Frankia
7	The taking up of inorganic N from the soil and converting it into organic nitrogen for use...	Immobilization (Assimilation)
8	enzyme which degrades lignin, a very stable molecule with multiple aromatic benzene rings	Lignin Peroxidase
9	The production of Methane by fermentation or anaerobic respritation	Methanogenesis
10	Use & degradation of Methane as an electron donator	Methanotrophy
11	"Blue baby disease," caused by digestion of nitrate by infants. In the gut nitrate...	Methemoglobinemia
12	Conversion of organic N to inorganic or mineralized N	Mineralization (Amonification)
13	Oxidation of ammonia to nitrate	Nitrification
14	Conversion of N2 gas to ammonia	Nitrogen Fixation
15	resistant;	Recalcitrant
16	how much carbon is used for biomass	Growth Efficiency
17	Bacteria genus which can be symbiotic N-fixation with legumes	Rhizobium
18	Weedy, fast-growing species which use material that degrades easily.	zymogenous
19	All people get sick from the same place, from the same cause.	Common-source epidemic
20	A disease present in a population at relatively low, constant levels	Endemic
21	Disease is present in a large number of individuals at one time in a population	Epidemic
22	the study of the spread & how to control a disease throughout a population	Epidemiology
23	Inanimate object which can harbor and transfer a disease organism	Fomite
24	If a certain proportion of the population is vaccinated, it's as if the whole was vaccinated	Herd Immunity
25	Number of new cases in a specific population over a Period of Time	Incidence Rate
26	Measures the amount of infected (sick) members of a population	Morbidity
27	Number of deaths due to a disease over a period of time	Mortality
28	Infection from a hospital	Noscomial
29	World-wide high incidence of a disease	Pandemic
30	Study of the action of a disease; of the development and cure of that disease within a individual	pathology
31	Total number of cases in a population at One Point in time	Prevalence Rate
32	A gradual increase in the number of cases over time, plateaus (levels off), then slowly decreases...	Propagated Epidemic
33	A place or organism which harbors a large number of infectious disease particles, while not...	Reservoir
34	Living organism which transfers diseases	Vector
35	An object which is ingested to transfer disease particles	Vehicle
36	In which a non-human, animal-origin disease which crosses over to infect humans	Zoonosis
37	Difference between Epidemiology & Pathology	Pathology - study of action of disease and its development & cure within an individualEpidemiology...
38	Why Morbidity Date might be more useful than mortality Data	A pathogen can cause high levels of sickness, but low levels of death. Mortality data...
39	Three General Approaches controlling spread of Infectious disease thorugh population, apply...	Eliminate the Reservoir -- remove rats -- remove host from population (Typhoid Mary)Block...
40	Airborne Diseases	Viral (1) : ChickenpoxMicrobial (2) : Anthrax ...
41	Sexually Transmitted Diseases	Viral (1) : Hepatitis C Microbial (2) : Gonorrhea ...
42	Animal/Insect-Transmitted Diseases	Viral (1) : Rabies Microbial (2) : Lyme Disease ...
43	Food/Waterborne Diseases	Viral (1) : Microbial (2) : Botulism ...
44	Role of Microbes in decomposition of plant & animal material. Aerobic vs. anaerobic,...	Microbes provide for most of the decomposition of organic material. They take the organic...
45	Example of a Microbial Consortium	Methanogenesis Degrading fatty acids to CO2 & using H+ as an e- acceptor is tricky -...
46	Difference between Autochthonous & zymogenous Soil microbial communities	Autochthonous communities degrade recalcitrant (resistant) substrate - stuff that is very...
47	Two mechanisms of methane production	Methanogenesis & Fermentation of Acetate
48	Diff bt methanogenesis & methanotrophy	Methanogenesis is the production of methane, Methanotrophy is the degradation of methane...
49	Four important Greenhouse gases. Order of potency? Which are microbial products,...	In order of potency, least to mostCO2 CH4 N2O CFC1st three...
50	N mineralization	What It Is : Conversion of Organic Nitrogen to Inorganic or Mineral Nitrogen in the form...
51	N Immobilization	What It Is : Taking up of inorganic N from the soil and converting it into organic nitrogen...
52	Nitrification	What It Is : Oxidizing ammonia to Nitrate (Produced by a consortium) -- NO3- prefered...
53	Denitrification	What It Is : Conversion of Nitrate to Nitrite & Nitrogen gas for anaerobic respiration. ...
54	Nitrogen Fixation	What It Is : Conversion of N2 gas to ammonia Substrate : N2 Product : ...
55	What factors determine N mineralization or immobilization occurrence during microbial degradation...	How much carbon from substrate is used for biomass, requires N ratio to be incorporated with...
56	Genus of bacteria forming a symbiotic N-fixing relation with leguminous plants & another...	Frankia - bacteria genus associated with woody plantsRhizobium - bacteria genus associated...