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Cards In This Set
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Gram stain: Gram positive cocci
Staphylococcus aureus Crystal violet, iodine, acetone/alcohol, safranin Usually susceptible to antibiotics and disinfectants Skin infections, MRSA, food poisoning |
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Gram stain: Gram negative bacilli
Escherichia coli Crystal violet, iodine, acetone/alcohol, safranin Relatively resistant to antibiotics and disinfectants Normal flora, sometimes UTI, food poisoning |
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Capsule stain
Klebsiella pneumoniae Crystal violet, copper sulfate rinse Skim milk broth, lactose sugars, antiphagocytic Pneumonia, meningitis |
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Endospore stain
Bacillus cereus Boiling water bath, malachite green, safranin (RT) Protected structure with dipocolinic acid core, peptidoglycan cortex, protein coat Anthrax, tetanus, botulism, gangrene |
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Acid Fast stain
Mycobacterium smegmatis Boiling water bath, carbol fuschin, acid/alcohol rinse, methylene blue (RT) Mycolic acid protects from drying, disinfection TB and Leprosy |
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Inclusion Bodies stain
Bacillus subtilis Dextrose agar, methylene blue simple storage of carbohydrates and fatty acids Produces spores also Anthrax, tetanus, botulism, gangrene |
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Gram Stain: Gram negative cocci in pairs
Neisseria sicca Crystal violet, iodine, acetone/alcohol, safranin Oxidase postive Meningitis and gonorrhea |
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Negative stain: spirals (vibrios and spirilla)
Rhodospirillum rubrum nigrosin with blood smear technique only spiral used in class (Gram -), only acidic dye other negative technique: capsule Cholera and Campylobacter |
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Mixed Gram stain: - spirals, + rods,+ cocci in tetrads
Rhodospirillum, Bacillus, Micrococcus mixtures common in clinical specimens Gram + variability due to amount of peptidoglycan |
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Gram Stain: yeast
Saccharomyces cereviseae Bakers, Brewers yeast Alcoholic fermentation with gas production Candida causes vaginitis and thrush |
