Memory (Psych 1 Final Exam)

-holds only a few items-lasts only a very short period (30 seconds)-requires sustained attention, vulnerable to distraction-circulating-aided by chinking-best seen as "scratchpad" or working memory-organizes info for consolidation into LTM

-capacity limits unknown-includes both intentional/incidental (intentional more effective)-lasting memories occur after age 3/4-some memories can last a lifetime (permastore)-reconstructed, not replayed exactly (susceptible to motivated distortion, gaps filled by confabulation)

Memory that a person can state, generally recognizing that it is the correct answer. involves temporal lobe

An experience influences what you say or do even though you might not be aware of the influence

Concept that the number and types of associations established during learning determine the ease of later retrieval of a memory (superficial and deep)

Associations you form at the time of learning will be the most effective retrieval cues

Memory aid that is based on encoding each item in a special way (includes method of Loci)

Memories can last a lifetime if they are well-learned, kept fresh with new learning, and rehearsed frequently

We reconstruct an account based partly on surviving memories and partly on expectations of what must have happened

Participants are read a series of digits and must immediately repeat them back. length of longest list a person can remember in this fashion is that person's digit span

Proactive, retroactive

Learning new material is harder after just learning other material

Recalling previously learned material is harder after just having learned new material

Condition caused by prolonged deficiency of Vitamin B, prevalent in alcoholics. victims suffer apathy, confusion, amnesia

Serial, semantic