Meiosis 2 Quiz

91. Meiosis is a process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the new cells to half the number in the original cell.

91. The purpose of meiosis is to form gametes with the haploid number of chromosomes.

Cells pre paring to divide by meiosis undergo the G₁, S and G₂ stages of interphase so the cell grow to mature size, and copies its DNA so it begins meiosis with a duplicate set of DNA.

91. The first major difference between meiosis and mitosis is that cells undergoing mitosis and the cells undergoing meiosis are that those undergoing meiosis divide twice.

91. meiosis can be summarized as follows: you start with one cell and end up with 4 haploid cells that are not necessarily genetically identical to each other.

Variations exist due to the farmation of a tetrad, synapsis, and crossing over.

91. The 3 events that occur in prophase I of meiosis that also occur in prophase in mitosis are that the chromatin coils up and becomes chromosomes, the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear, and the spindle begins to form.

91. A tetrad is homologous chromosomes of a pair that move toward each other and line up side by side.

During synapsis,

91. the chromatids of the homologous pair twist around each other.

Segments of the chromatids may break off and attach to an adjacent chromatid on the homologous chromosome pair.

91. Crossing over causes an exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes resulting in cenetic recombination to occur.

91. Crossing over leads to genetic variation between all gamete that are produced.

The tetrads line up randomly along the equator.

91. the spindle fibers from one pole attach to the centromere of one homologous chromosome and spindle fibers from the other pole attach to the centromere of the other homologous pair of the chromosome.

Eahc homologous chromosme move to opposite poles .