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Cardiovascular system
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Contains the heart and extensive network of tubes called blood vessels.
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Endocardium
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The innermost layer of the heart. Smooth layer of endothelial tissue. It lines the heart chambers and covers the connective tissue of the valves.
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Myocardium
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The middle layer of the heart. Composed mainly of cardiac muscle and forms the bulk of the heart. This layer contracts, forcing the blood out of the heart chambers.
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Pericardium
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The heart is enclosed in this membranous, fibrous, doube-walled sac. Comprises two serous layers: visceral and the parietal.
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Epicardium
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Visceral layer of the heart, an integral part of the heart wall.
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Right atrium
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Upper right chamber of the heart.
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Left atrium
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Upper left chamber of the heart.
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Right ventricle
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Lower right chamber of the heart.
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Left ventricle
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Lower left chamber of the heart.
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Two right and two left pulmonary veins
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The oxygen right blood returns to the heart via these veins and deposit the blood into the left atrium.
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Aorta
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Oxygenated blood is pumped out of the left ventricle through the aortic valve and into this. Largest artery in the body, branches into numerous arteries that transport the freshly oxygenated blood to all parts of the body.
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Left coronary artery
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Artery vascularizing the left side of the heart.
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Right coronary artery
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Supplies oxygen to the right side of the heart.
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Arteries
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Oxygenated blood travels from these to smaller vessels.
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Arterioles
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Oxygenated blood travels from arteries to these. Smaller vessels than arteries.
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