Flashcard Set Preview
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| 1 |
what is hemp?
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fiber-rope, cloth, paper; seeds-oil, bird feed
60 compounds -cannabinoids: delta9 - tetrahydrocannabinol...
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| 2 |
where does mj come from?
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dried leaves, stems and flowering tops
oral (brownies), smoked (pipes, joints)
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what is sinsemilla?
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mj without seeds (pollination prevented)
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what is Hashish?
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smoked or eaten
pure resin (middle east) or extract
hash oil --> very potent, alcoholic...
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mj in western society?
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Napolean's soldiers brought hashish from Egypt to France
French physician (Jacques-Joseph...
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mj in the U.S.
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hemp farms (George Washington)
1900s Mexican immigrants
1937 MJ Tax Act (courtesy of Harry...
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| 7 |
major active ingredient of Cannabis
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THC (1964)
* also cannabinol and cannabidiol in cannabis (but not active)
* plus 57 others
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| 8 |
__-__ gram cannabis per MJ joint
in 1 gram, __ mg of THC
only __ % absorbed by lungs.
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.5-1
40
20
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| 9 |
how do ppl try to increase absorption?
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puff volume, puff frequency, breath hold
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| 10 |
liver metabolism, ____ binding (___ stores)
What happens when eaten?
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depot, fat
degraded in stomach, first-pass hepatic metabolism
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| 11 |
metabolites of MJ
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11-hydroxy- THC, 11-nor-carboxy - THC (THC - COOH)
THC half life 20-30 hrs, metabolites...
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| 12 |
cannabinoid receptors
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1988 > receptor discovery (CB1 and CB2)
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| 13 |
distribution of receptors
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basal ganglia, cerebellum, hippocampus and cerebral center
(locomotor activity, coordination...
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| 14 |
CB1 receptor
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metabotropic> inhibits cAMP formation; inhibits voltage-sensitive Ca channels; activates...
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| 15 |
endocannabinoids
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1) anandamide (1992)
2) 2 - arachidonylglycerol (2 - AG)
* synthesized from arachidonic acid
*...
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| 16 |
what triggers release of endocannabinoids
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intracellular Ca
taken back up by transporter: AM 404 > reuptake blocker (enhances)
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| 17 |
metabolism
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fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and other enzymes
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| 18 |
retrograde messenger
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postsynaptic to presynaptic
hippocampus, cerebellum
inhibit GABA release, increase firing...
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| 19 |
acute effects: high vs low dose
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high: personality, hallucinations
low: buzz, high (euphoria, laughter), stoned (calm, relaxed,...
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physiological responses
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* blood flow to skin, heart rate, increased hunger
* mediated by CBI receptors: subjective...
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| 21 |
negative effects
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anxiety or panic, paranoia, delirium, flashbacks
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| 22 |
cognitive and psychomotor deficits
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deficits in thought process, verbal behavior (some tolerance can develop in heavy users)
*...
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| 23 |
THC low vs high dose
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motor impairment, catalepsy, hypothermia, analgesia
low: excitatory and depressant effects
high:...
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