Liver Path Lab

52 cards

Exam 2, Liver Path La

Created Feb 27, 2010
by pathnotecards

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	Side A	Side B
1	histology of acute hepatitis	lobular disarray w/ irregularity in hepatocyte size, ballooning degeneration, and apoptosis...
2	histology of chronic hepatitis	liver architecture is usually preserved, hepaotcyte apoptosis may be present throughout the...
3	common cause of HepA	raw oysters/seafood
4	LFTs in alcoholic liver	AST/ALT >2 and both elevated
5	significance of HBsAb	signifies recovery and immunity
6	HepB test during "the window"	IgM HBcAb
7	HepB carrier state	no sx but HBsAg present for > 6 mos
8	outocmes of HepB infection	>90% fully recover < .5% get fulminant hepatitis < 5% get chronic hepatitis: <2%...
9	bilirubin metabolization	RBC destruction --> heme --heme oxygenase --> biliverdin --biliverdin reductase-->...
10	hereditary hyperbilirubinemias	unconjugated ones Crigler-Najjar type I: AR w/ absent UGT1A1 activity (only fatal one, others...
11	histologic appearance for HepB	ground-glass hepatocytes due to the accumulation of HBsAg accumulating in the cytoplasm
12	chronic autoimmune hepatitis	occurs predominantly in young women, possibly due to defect in Tregs --> unregulated production...
13	factor not made in the liver	factor VIII
14	glomerular disease assoc w/ chronic hepatitis	membranous glomerulonephritis
15	complications of cirrhosis	portal HTN --> varices, ascites, caput medusa, hypoalbuminemia --> edema and decreased...
16	histology of NAFLD	micro- and macrovesicular fatty change
17	histology of alcoholic hepatitis	micro- and macrovesicular fatty change along w/ hyaline Mallory bodies (eosinophilic band-like...
18	histology of cirrhotic liver	disorganized architecture of the liver regenerative liver nodules w/ loss of central veins fibrosis...
19	foctors regulating hepatocyte regenerative capability after hepatic injury	EGF, TGF-A, and hepatocycte growth factor
20	serum level that may be elevated and correlate to HCC size	AFP
21	NASH	NAFLD subtype assoc w/ obesity and other components of the metabolic syndrome (dyslipidemia,...
22	triad characterizing hemochromatosis	micronodular cirrhosis DM skin pigmentation
23	pathogenesis of hemochromatosis	HFE mutations --> decreased hepcidin expression --> internalization of ferroportin -->...
24	hemosiderosis	acquired Fe overload that is usually confined to the RES
25	pathognomonic for Wilson disease	Kayser-Fleisher ring in the eye
26	risk factors for HCC	cirrhosis HCV > HBV aflatoxin produced by aspergillus
27	fibrolamellar HCC	distinctive HCC arising in young adults w/ apparently normal, non-cirrhotic livers hepatocytes...
28	histology of HCC	trabecular or pseudoglandular arrangement of hepatocytes that can vary from very well-differentiated...
29	hepatoblastoma	malignant liver tumor in children
30	metastatic liver tumors	far more common than primary liver cancer and tend to be multi-focal and have central necrosis
31	risk factors for cholecystitis	cholesterol stones: female, forty, fat, fertile, flatulence, native american, hyperlipidemia pigmented...
32	complications of cholecystitis	choledocolithiasis ascending cholangitis: post-obstructive infection of the bile ducts characterized...
33	steps in the development of cholesterol stones	1. bile supersaturated with cholesterol 2. hypomotility of gallbladder promoting nucleation 3....
34	gross changes in the progression of cholecystitis	acute cholecystitis - distention of the gallbladder that may lead to gangrenous cholecystitis...
35	strawberry gallbladder	deposition of cholesterol in the mucosa of the gallbladder yields fine yellow flecks
36	secondary billiary cirrhosis: etiology sex predilection symptoms and signs lab findings important...	extrahepatic bile duct obstruction none pruritis, jaundice, malaise, dark urine, HS-megaly conjugated...
37	primary biliary cirrhosis: etiology sex predilection symptoms and signs lab findings important...	possibly AI F:M 6:1 insidious onset; same as secondary same as secondary plus high IgM auto-Ab dense...
38	primary sclerosis cholangitis: etiology sex predilection symptoms and signs lab findings important...	unk M:F 2:1 insidious onset, same as secondary same as secondary w/ high IgM, hypergammaglobulinemia periductal...
39	Ab that is very specific for PBC	autoantibody against the M2 component of the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase
40	PBC vs PSC: sex serum AMA ERCP bile duct lesions assoc diseases	female ...
41	phases of acetaminophen toxicity	1. N/V up to a day 2. few sx or feeling of well-being for 1-2 days 3. N/V assoc w/ painful...
42	gross features of acetaminophen toxicity	submassive hepatic necrosis characterized by a mildly shrunken liver w/ a smooth to wrinkled...
43	histologic features of acetaminophen toxicity	extensive centri-zonal and mid-zonal liver cell coagulative necrosis, often leaving isolated...
44	clinical features of hemangioendothelioma	child b/w 6 mos and 3 yo w/ an asymptomatic mass lesion or CHF may present at other sites:...
45	histology of hemangioendothelioma	vascular channels lined by a single layer of plump endothelial cells w/ areas of infarction,...
46	Kasabach-Merritt syndrome	thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia caused by sequestration and destruction of platelets...
47	Gaucher disease	AR disorder caused by deficiency of glucocerebrosidase, whcih degrades sphingolipids splenomegally...
48	Gaucher subtypes	type 1 - young adult; splenic and skeletal involvement predominate w/ no CNS involvement; higher...
49	Gaucher histology	glucocerebrosidase accumulate in phagocytic cells throughout the body called Gaucher cells,...
50	timeline for extrahepatic biliary atresia changes in the liver	early (2-6 mos): cholestasis in the liver assoc w/ portal areas containing proliferating bile...
51	tx for extrahepatic biliary atresia	Kasai procedure to connect porta hepatis to a segment of small bowel to promote drainage can...
52	changes int he extrahepatic biliary tree due to extrahepatic biliary atresia	bile ducts int he porta hepatis undergo progressive obliteration; small to moderate sized ducts...