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Related Flashcards
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Cards In This Set
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Anabolism
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Process of building up complex materials (proteins) from simple materials
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Cataboloism
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Process of breaking down complex materials (foods) to form simpler substances and release energy
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Cell membrane
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Structure surrounding and protecting the cell. It determines what enters and leaves the cell
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Chromosomes
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Rod-shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions of DNA (genes). 46 in somatic cells and 23 in sex cells
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Cytoplasm
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All the material that is outside of the nucleus but contained within the cell membrane
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DNA
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Chemical found within each chromosome; acts as a code to direct the activity of cells
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Endoplasmic reticulum
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Canal-like structures in the cytoplasm where large proteins are synthesized; ribosomes may be found on ER
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Genes
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Regions of DNA within each chromosome
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Karyotype
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Picture of nuclear chromosomes arranged in numerical order to determine number and structure; used for establishing birth defects
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Metabolism
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The total chemical processes in a cell - includes both anabolism and catabolism
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Mitochondria
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Structures in the cytoplasm in which foods are burned to release energy
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Nucleus
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Control center of the cell; contains chromosomes and directs cell activity
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Cell types and their descriptions
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Muscle: long and slender fibers
epithelial: square and flat
nerve cell: long with fibrous extensions
fat cell: large empty spaces for fat storage
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Types of tissue
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Epithelial, muscle, connective, nerve
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Digestive System organs
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Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
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