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Cards In This Set
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Keith and Shuttleworth
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Women: talk more than men, are more polite, are indecisive, complain, ask more questions, are supportive/co-operative.Men: swear more, talk about sport, dont talk emotions, women and machines in similar fashion, competetive, dominate, give commands, interupt more.
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Classify the following judgements:a) Nag/speak with more authority....b) give commands/ask questions...
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A) non-linguistic value judgementsb)objective descriptions
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Robin Lakoff
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Hedge-sort of, kind ofsuper polite forms-would you mind ifTag questionsIntonational emphasisEmpty adjectives- divine, lovely, adorableHyper correct grammar/pronounciationDirect quotationLexicon of coloursQuestional intonation in declarative statementsWH imperatives- why dont you open the doorSpeak lessOveruse qualifiersApologiseModal constructionsAvoid swearingIndirects commands and requestsMore intensifiersLess humour
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O'Barr and Atkins
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Lakoff's view was not typical of being a woman but of being powerless. Differences were a result of situation specific authority or power not gender. Court room cases showed that a low frequency of women's language features was associated with high status (i.e. lawyer)
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Zimmerman and west
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Dominance theory: experiment showed men more likely to interrupt than women. *however Beattie proposed that this could be a result of interest and involvement. His experiment showed that the difference was very small.** issues here include a volatile individual in the conversations?
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Pamela Fishman
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Conversation can fail not because of the way women talk, but because of how men respond.Questions do not reflect womens insecurity but reflect the power of questions.
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Fbdf
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Dhdfhd
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