Information Technology Health Care Chap 7

Surgery performed through small incisions
most procedures performed using an endoscope or a laparoscope
minimum of damage to healthy tissue
less bleeding, pain, recovery time

Image directed

Performed by robotic devices controlled by surgeons at another site

Does not require an incision
aka natural orifice surgery

Makes use of robotics and computer generated images such as CT scans and MRIs.
Robots under the control of software and the surgeons
can compare tissue density to determine normal or cancerous

Attempts to teach the special skills that are needed to perform MIS

Computer controlled, image directed robot that performs hip replacements (cementless)
Works with Orthodoc which using CT scans creates a 3 dimensional image of the hip

1st FDA cleared surgical robot
originally developed for the space program
now used as an assistant in endoscopic procedures
holds and moves the endoscope under the direction of the physician
used in appendectomy, splenectomy, intestinal obstruction

Robotic surgical system - minimally invasive microsurgery.
3 interactive robotic arms
. one holds the endoscope
. two manipulate surgical insturments
surgeon controls at the console
For us in:
. coronary bypass
. mitral valve replacement
. laparoscopic and thoracic surgery

Similar to Zeus
cleared for assisting in 1997
Used in:
. atrial septic defect (ASD) - repair between two chambers in the heart
. hysterectomies
. remove fibroid tumors
. urological procedures
. prostate surgery

Robot developed to perform stereotactic neurosurgical procedures

Minimally invasive breast biopsies

Software developed to enhance what the surgeon sees

Four dimensional model of the human body - used to plan surgery and educate patients

Cutting edge of telemedicine - developed by NASA - actual surgeries have been performed with the patient and surgeon at a distance