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mild mental retardation
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IQ: 50-70majority of casesconsidered educable: special classes w/ long-term goal of being able...
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moderate mental retardation
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IQ: 35-55considered trainable: can talk, recognize their name, and perform self-care so long-term...
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severe mental retardation
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IQ: 20-40
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profound mental retardation
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IQ: <25almost invariably require care in institutionalized settings, usually beginning...
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most frequent cause of mental retardation
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fetal alcohol syndrome
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most common chromosomal cause of mental retardation
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Down syndrome
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most common heritable form of mental retardation
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fragile X syndrome
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class of disorders autism falls into
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pervasive developmental disorders
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signs of autism in infants/toddlers
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usually noted to not progress through developmental milestones soon after birthfirst clear...
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three major domains involved in autism
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social interaction, communication, and behavioral repertoire
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qualitative impairments in social interaction
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marked impairment in use of non-verbal behaviors (eye-to-eye gaze, facial expression, body...
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qualitative impairments in communication
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delay in or total lack of development of spoken languagew/ adequate speech, marked impairment...
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restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests, and activities
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encompassing preoccupation w/ one or more stereotyped and restricted patterns of interest that...
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cognitive abilities of autistic individuals
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most show some evidence of mental retardation, but others have normal intelligence, and some...
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common co-morbid condition w/ autism
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seizure disorder (25% have one in childhood or it develops later)
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prevalence of autism
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~0.1%
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M:F ratio of autism
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3-4:1
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prognosis of autism
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chronic and lifelongsome children show improvement w/ maturation, but others may worsenonly...
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inheritance of autism
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monozygotic to dizygotic ratio of 36:0 ("perhaps the most genetic of all mental illnesses")however...
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neurodevelopmental characteristics of autism
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large brain size relative to body size (reflecting a failure to achieve normal pruning, or...
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differentiation b/w mental retardation and autism
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mentally retarded children typically have pervasive intellectual impairments, whereas autistic...
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Asperger's Disorder
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aka high functioning autismsimilar early onset of impairment in social interaction and abnormal...
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