History 101- Exam 1

New englanders shipped rum/ slaves to the west coast of africa, took slaves through west indies

Northern colonies, addressed trade imbalance- they used their own ships/ merchants to avoid the "middleman" found other markets from england (good/coins) to pay for imports from the mother country

Centered in the southern Mississippi river valley between 900- 1350. resembled the mayan/ aztec agriculture (corn beets squashes) built towns. plazas, and temples. had a labor system, government, and traded. by the 14th century everything was gone due to the europeans bringing diseases

Europeans began to arrive in north america in 16h century (4million indians lived on contindent) tribes/ regions: eastern woodlands, the great plains, western tribes. they lived along rivers and forests. algonquians, iroquoian, muskogean

1492- financial support came from ferdinand and isabella (spain) santa maria, pinta, nina. gold loving and god fearing. found spices, silk, food, gold. recieved a hero's welcome. 2nd voyage in 1493- 17 ships, livestock, 1,000 men. rum, raping, and robbing the indians.

16th century the new world (portugese colonu) the carribean sea served as a funnel through which the spanish entered. after developing hispaniola at santo domingo (capital of west indies) the spainards continued to puerto rico (1508) and to cuba (1511-1514) "we came to serve god, the king, and become rich."

European contact with the place europeans called the new world. new world shipped gold, silver, corn, potatoes, cotton,catfish, squrriel. old world shipped wheat, sugar, rice, coffee, beans, horses, cows, pigs, disease. africa shipped slaves

Dramatic european conquest > major indian civilization began in 1519. 800 men and cortez landed in east mexico> conquest to aztec empire (largest city in history) kills emperor, takes over the city with spainiards and indian allies. goals: wealth, religion.

Soliders

200,000 inhabitants >pyramids, canals, buildings. cortez invaded with indian allies .. deception/peaceful.

Within 20 years the soldiers conquered the remainings of the indian culture of yuctan penninsula, and guatemala. >then pizarro lead soldiers toward peru and brutally killed the inca empire, chile, and colombia

Forced labor, problems: natives revolt

Mid 1500's indians were nearly extinct (killed by european diseases and spanish battles)

250 adventures & 4 ships. lost contact with each of the parties. died from starvation, injury, disease. >walked the length of florida searching for gold, lost their ships. cabeza agreed to trade weapons/ horses/ goods with indians. 50 men made rafts but 4 survived during the raft voyage. reached texas. & were known for knowledge and their healing power by indians.

Spanish explorer/ conquistador led first european expedition to peru