Health and Wellness Final Exam

The Heart Muscle

Referring to the heart and to the biochemical processes involved in the body's functioning.

Veins pump blood to the heartArteries pump to the rest of the body than divides into capillaries.Capillaries: the smallest blood vessels of all. Blood returns to the heart and the veins. Connects arteries to veins.

Uncontrollable: Age Depression, athletes, anger and hostility, personality types, genes, hereditary.Controllable: High Cholesterol, High tryglic levels, stress, obesity, lack in exercise.

High Blood Pressure.

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Systole: The rhythmic contraction of the heart, especially of the ventricles, by which blood is driven through the aorta and pulmonary artery after each dilation or diastole. Also called miocardia. (heart when working out)
Diastole:The normal rhythmically occurring relaxation and dilatation of the heart chambers, especially the ventricles, during which they fill with blood. ( heart while resting)

Cholesterol: An organic substance found in animal fats; linked to cardiovascular disease, particularly atherosclerosis. 120/80HDL: Good or healthy cholesterol- which helps prevent cholesterol buildup. Less than 40mg/dL (for men) Less than 50 (for women)LDL: Bad cholesterol- the main culprit in the buildup of plaque within the arteries. Less than 100 mg/dL

Dietary changes, food you eatweight management helps lower LDL and HDLPhysical activity

Diabetes is a chronic (lifelong) disease marked by high levels of sugar in the blood. Diabetes can be caused by having too little insulin, resistance to insulin, or both. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas to control blood sugarTypes: Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome How do you get it: Poor eating habits, Over weight (Obesity), Lack of exercise, Unhealthy pancreas, Genes, Laziness, High blood Triglyceride (fat) levels, Hereditary, High sugar diets, Stress, High blood sugar, Fast food, Alcohol, Gestational diabetes or giving birth to a baby great than 9 pounds.Risk Factors: Weight around the middle of the body, Genes, hormonal changes, lack of exercise, high blood pressure, Coronary Artery Disease, Stroke, Heart Attack, Low HDL cholesterol, Triglycerides higher that 150

Symptoms: Blurred Vision, Fatigue, Frequent infections, including those of the bladder, vagina, and skin, Increased thirst, Increased urination, Nausea and vomiting,Weight loss in spite of increased appetite.Signs: Sore feet, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart ache, stroke, weight gain.

A disease of the lining of the arteries in which plaque deposits of fat, fibrin (a clotting material), cholesterol, other cell parts, and calcium, narrows the artery channels. (pg. 281)
LDL penetrates an artery wall and the accumulation of LDL cholesterol triggers inflammation.

Plaque build up that forms blockage that leads to heart attack. Cold clamy hands, arm pain.

Sludgelike substance (deposits of fat, fibrin (a clotting material), cholesterol, other cell parts, and calcium, narrows the artery)

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