Grammar Flashcards

Once you have located the verb, find the subject. The subject of a sentence is the "doer" of the being or action. In a statement, it comes before the verb. In "He is happy," the subject is "He." In "Jane walked to the bank," the subject is "Jane." In "Tom is studying at home," the subject is "Tom."

In traditional grammar, a predicate is one of the two main parts of a sentence, the other being the subject. The predicate is said to modify the subject. For the simple sentence "The apple is red," The apple acts as the subject, and is red acts as the predicate. The predicate is much like a verb phrase.

A noun phrase is either a single noun or pronoun or a group of words containing a noun or a pronoun that function together as a noun or pronoun, as the subject or object of a verb.

An adverbial phrase is a group of related words which play the role of an adverb. Like all phrases, an adverbial phrase does not include a subject and a verb.

At the minimum, a prepositional phrase will begin with a preposition and end with a noun, pronoun, gerund, or clause, the "object" of the preposition.

Both of these are clauses, so both of these are groups of words with a subject and a verb. So, how are they different? Dependent clauses cannot stand alone, and independent clauses can stand alone. That is the only difference. Here are some independent clauses: I love my cat. Computers are awesome! Here are some dependent clauses: If I love my cat Until computers are awesome

Shopping at her favorite stores, Samantha spent her entire paycheck. (The bolded phrase is a participial phrase because it functions as an adjective modifying Samantha.)

Clause principle clause Basically, a clause is a part of a sentence that contains both a subject and a verb whether the clause is dependent or independent. An independent clause can be a sentence all by itself; it needs nothing added to it. An independent clause, then, can stand alone. A dependent clause never forms a complete sentence by itself. A dependent clause needs, depends on, an independent clause to complete the sentence. An dependent clause will sound odd and unfinished by itself and that is because it is merely a sentence fragment. It is highly unpleasant to read fragments. Fragments leave the reader baffled because the reader wants the rest of the sentence and the rest is not there!

coordinate clause  –noun Grammar . one of two or more clauses of equal status in a sentence, especially when joined by a coordinating conjunction, as either The sun came out or the ice started to melt in The sun came out and the ice started to melt.

Basically, a clause is a part of a sentence that contains both a subject and a verb whether the clause is dependent or independent. An independent clause can be a sentence all by itself; it needs nothing added to it. An independent clause, then, can stand alone. A dependent clause never forms a complete sentence by itself. A dependent clause needs, depends on, an independent clause to complete the sentence. An dependent clause will sound odd and unfinished by itself and that is because it is merely a sentence fragment. It is highly unpleasant to read fragments. Fragments leave the reader baffled because the reader wants the rest of the sentence and the rest is not there! These are examples of dependent clauses forming sentence fragments. Notice how odd they sound. Find the subjects and verbs in these dependent clauses. The conjunctions have been put in italics. 1. When the sorcerer cast the spell. 2. Since the troll lived under the bridge. 3. Although the princess captured the ogre. Coordinating clause

(a,e,i,o,u)
Can I have an apple?
She is an English teacher. the = definite article (a specific object that both the person speaking and the listener know)
The car over there is fast.
The teacher is very good, isn't he?

a = indefinite article (not a specific object, one of a number of the same objects) with consonants
She has a dog.
I work in a factory.

–noun Grammar . one of two or more clauses of equal status in a sentence, especially when joined by a coordinating conjunction, as either The sun came out or the ice started to melt in The sun came out and the ice started to melt.