Flashcard Set Preview
| Side A | Side B | ||
| 1 |
Moore's Law
|
describes pace at which CPUs improve
|
|
| 2 |
express card
|
can add SSD, eSATA, and FireWire ports to your system
|
|
| 3 |
hyperthreading
|
provides quicker processing of information by enabling new set of instructions to start before...
|
|
| 4 |
cache memory
|
form of RAM; more accessible to CPU than regualr RAM
|
|
| 5 |
front side bus (FSB)
|
connects CPU to system memory (speed)
|
|
| 6 |
benchmark
|
measurement used to compare CPU performances
|
|
| 7 |
CPU usage
|
percent of time CPU is working
|
|
| 8 |
RAM
|
temporary storage
|
|
| 9 |
volatile storage
|
data is cleared when power is off (RAM)
|
|
| 10 |
nonvolatile storage
|
permanent storage (ROM)
|
|
| 11 |
memory modules
|
small circuit boards that hold a series of RAM chips
|
|
| 12 |
physical memory
|
amount of RAM actually sitting on memory modules
|
|
| 13 |
kernel memory
|
memory your OS uses
|
|
| 14 |
access time
|
time it takes a storage device to locate its stored data and make it available for processing
|
|
| 15 |
solid state drive (SSD)
|
uses same kind of memory as flash drives, but take 1/10 of the time to reach data
|
|
| 16 |
platter
|
each plate in a hard drive
|
|
| 17 |
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (Serial ATA)
|
hard drives that use thinner cables and transfer data more quickly than IDE drives
|
|
| 18 |
graphics processing unit (GPU)
|
specialized to handle 3D graphics and image and video processing
|
|
| 19 |
video memory
|
RAM of video cards
|
|
| 20 |
bit depth
|
number of bits video card uses to represent each pixel
|
|
| 21 |
network
|
2 or more computers that are connected via software and hardware so that they can communicate
|
|
| 22 |
node
|
each device connected to a network
|
|
| 23 |
home network server
|
stores & shares media across a network and backs up files on connected computers
|
|
| 24 |
local area network (LAN)
|
network where nodes are in small geographic area
|
|
| 25 |
home area network (HAN)
|
network in a home
|
|
| 26 |
wide area network (WAN)
|
made up of LANs connected over long distance
|
|
| 27 |
metropolitan area network (MAN)
|
network that provides access to geographic areas such as entire cities
|
|
| 28 |
transmission media
|
establishes communications channel between the nodes on a network; wireless or wired
|
|
| 29 |
coaxial cable
|
consists of single copper wire surrounded by layers of plastic
|
|
| 30 |
fiberoptic cable
|
made up of plastic or glass fibers that transmit data at extremely fast speeds
|
|
| 31 |
data transfer rate (bandwidth)
|
maximum speed at which data can be transmitted between 2 nodes
|
|
| 32 |
throughput
|
actual speed of data transfer; always less than or equal to data transfer rate
|
|
| 33 |
network adapters
|
devices in nodes that enable communication and access to network
|
|
| 34 |
network interface card (NIC)
|
network adapter inside device allowing for wireless and/or wired media
|
|
| 35 |
network navigation devices
|
facilitate and control flow of data through a network
|
|
| 36 |
packet
|
bundle of data sent over transmission media
|
|
| 37 |
router
|
transfers packets of data between two or more networks; from internet to home network and vis...
|
|
| 38 |
switch
|
receive data and send to node on same network, not between two networks
|
|
| 39 |
network operating system (NOS)
|
found on servers controlling client/server (large) networks
|
|
| 40 |
ethernet network
|
uses ethernet protocol as standard by which nodes communicate
|
|
| 41 |
802.11n standard
|
current standard that governs wireless networking for ethernet networks so devices from different...
|
|
| 42 |
WiFi
|
another name for 802.11 standard
|
|
| 43 |
multiple input multiple output (MIMO)
|
devices that use multiple antennas for sending and receiving data
|
|
| 44 |
gigabit ethernet
|
most commonly used wired ethernet standard with a one gigabit per second throughput possibility
|
|
| 45 |
unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable
|
most popular transmission media option for wired ethernet networks; 4 pairs of wires twisted...
|
|
| 46 |
service set identifier (SSID)
|
name to identify wireless network
|
|
| 47 |
media access control (MAC) address
|
unique number of each network adapter; many routers let you restrict access to certain numbers
|
|
| 48 |
firmware
|
software written to read-only memory of a router
|
|
| 49 |
system unit
|
box containing central electronic components of a computer
|
|
| 50 |
registers
|
special memory storage areas built into CPU; fastest memory in computer
|
|
| 51 |
word size
|
number of bits a computer can work with at a time
|
|
| 52 |
parallel processing
|
large network with each computer working on portion of same problem at the same time
|
|
| 53 |
analog (continuous waves)
|
light and sound waves
|
|
| 54 |
base transceiver station
|
large communications tower with antennas, amplifiers, receivers, and transmitters
|
|
| 55 |
sampling rate (of ADC)
|
number of times analog wave is measure each second; higher the rate, more accurately original...
|
|
| 56 |
flash memory
|
type of nonvolatile memory in less expensive PMPs (portable media players)
|
|
| 57 |
ubiquitos computing
|
concept that "computing will be woven into the fabric of everyday life until it is indistinguishable...
|
|
| 58 |
boot-sector virus
|
replicates itself into a hard drive's master boot record
|
|
| 59 |
master boot record
|
program that executes whenever a computer boots up, ensuring that a virus would be loaded into...
|
|
| 60 |
time bomb
|
virus triggered by passage of time or on certain date
|
|
| 61 |
worm
|
slightly different from virus: attempts to travel through network connections to spread infection
|
|
| 62 |
script
|
series of commands (miniprogram) that is executed without your knowledge
|
|
| 63 |
macro virus
|
virus that attaches itself to a document that uses macros (e.g. Word or Excel file)
|
|
| 64 |
e-mail virus
|
viruses that use e-mail address book to distribute infection
|
|
| 65 |
encryption virus
|
viruses that run a program that searches for data files and compresses them making files unusable
|
|
| 66 |
polymorphic virus
|
virus that changes its own code to avoid detection
|
|
| 67 |
multipartite virus
|
virus designed to infect multiple file types to fool antivirus software
|
|
| 68 |
stealth virus
|
virus that temporarily erases their code from files and then hide in active memory of computer
|
|
| 69 |
virus signature
|
portion of virus code that is unique to particular computer virus
|
|
| 70 |
inoculation
|
process used by antivirus software that compares old and current qualities of files to detect...
|
|
| 71 |
white-hat hacker
|
hacker who breaks into a system just for challenge, not to steal or wreak havoc
|
|
| 72 |
black-hat hacker
|
more villainous hackers
|
|
| 73 |
script kiddies
|
amateur hackers that use tools created by profession hackers
|
|
| 74 |
packet sniffer
|
program deployed by hackers that looks at each packet of data as it travels on the internet
|
|
| 75 |
backdoor program
|
program that allows hackers to take complete control of computer without owner's permission
|
|
| 76 |
zombie
|
computer that hacker controls with backdoor program
|
|
| 77 |
denial-of-service (DoS) attack
|
legitimate users are denied access to computer system because hacker is repeatedly making requests...
|
|
| 78 |
distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack
|
launches DoS attack using more than one zombie
|
|
| 79 |
botnet
|
large group of software programs that runs autonomously on zombie computers
|
|
| 80 |
logical ports
|
virtual communications gateways that allow a computer to organize requests for info from other...
|
|
| 81 |
biometric authentication device
|
device that reads a unique personal characteristic (fingerprint, iris, etc.) and converts its...
|
|
| 82 |
malware
|
software with malicious intent
|
|
| 83 |
adware
|
software that displays sponsored advertisements in a section of your browser or as pop-ups
|
|
| 84 |
spyware
|
unwanted piggyback program that usually downloads with other software you want to install from...
|
|
| 85 |
keystroke logger
|
monitors keystrokes with intent of stealing passwords, login IDs, or credit card info (spyware)
|
|
| 86 |
cyberloafing
|
doing anything with a computer on the job that is not approved function of job
|
|
| 87 |
cookies
|
small text files that some web sites automatically store on computer's hard drive when you...
|
|
| 88 |
incremental backup
|
only backing up files that have been changed since the last backup
|
|
| 89 |
image backup
|
everything is backed up, not just the files that have changed since last backup
|
|
| 90 |
social engineering
|
any technique that uses social skills to generate human interaction that entices individuals...
|
|
| 91 |
pretexting
|
creating a scenario that seems legitimate enough that someone will trust you
|
|
| 92 |
phishing
|
lures internet users to reveal personal info that could lead to identity theft
|
|
| 93 |
pharming
|
malicious code is planted on computer that alters browser's ability to find web addresses
|
|
| 94 |
twisted-pair cable
|
wire used to connect nodes in a network; copper wires twisted around each other surrounded...
|
|
| 95 |
cat 6 cable
|
cable designed to achieve data transfer rates that support gigabit ethernet network
|
No comments yet! Be the first to add a comment below!
Please login to post comments.
After login, we will forward you back to this flashcard.