Forensic Science: Chapter 1

Application of science to criminal and civil laws that are enforced by police agencies in a criminal justice system

Toxicology poisons and effects on animals

Developed anthropometry, a systematic procedure of taking a series of body measurements to identify someone

Wrote Sherlock Homes: A study in Scarletserology fingerprinting firearm ID

Studied classified and identified fingerprints as methods of ID

Developed procedure that determines blood group of dried bloodstain

Used comparison microscope to compare bullets

Wrote Questioned Documents regarding the acceptance of documents as scientific evidence by the courts

Educated scientists about microscopic techniques used with analytical methods

Book Criminal Investigation applied microscopy chemistry physics mineralogy zoology botany anthropometry fingerprinting to criminal investigation

Developed Locards Exchange principle which is when a criminal comes in contact with an object or person a cross transfer of evidence occurs

Frye appealed his conviction for 2nd degree murder and wanted polygraph to prove innocence _{Scientific evidence must gain the general acceptance of the relevant expert community to be admissable}

Jason Daubert had been with serious birth defects. Parents and him sued claiming drug caused it. (drug bendectin) trial judges must act as gatekeeper in determining if scientific expert testimony could be admitted if deemed it both relevant and reliable

- has the scientific theory been tested?- Has the theory been subjected to peer review?-Rate of potential error

Pat carmichael driving his minivan when the right rear tire blew out. 1 died everyone else severely injured. sued tire company. tire expert appeared. -not only scientific experts but all expert testimony