Experimental Psychology Test

1. Miller, L. 2. alphabetize according to last names 3. capitalize only the 1st letter of the 1st word of a title and subtitle and the 1st word after a colon 4. in journal titles, capitalize all major words 5. italicize titles of longer works such as books, journals

Experiment vs. Descriptive -Exp= cause/effect -Des= describes some phenomenon Quantitative vs. Qualitative -Quant= collects numerical data/quantities -Qual= " nonnumerical datalike pics, clothing worn/qualities

Def= gives description or quantifies of a phenomenon Types= 1. correlation 2. expostfacto 3. longitudinal & cross-sectional 4. survey 5. meta analysis

-measures defrees of linear relationship bw 2 naturally occurring variables -enable prediction -weakness: cannot identify causality bc of third variable problem

-correlation= synonymous w/ relationships -however, the fact that there is a relationship bw 2 variables does not mean that changes in the variable cause the changes in the other variable -you can NEVER infer a cause-effect relationship from a correlation

-a scatterplot is a graph that shows the location of each data point formed by x, y scores -when a relationship exists, as the x scored increase the vertical height of the data point changes, indicating that the y scores are changing

-linear rel= x increase, y scores tend to change in only 1 direction -pos= scores on x var. increase, y tends to decrease -neg= x increases, y decreases

Curvilinear relationship as x scored changes, y does not

-how consisten they are paired -x value consistently paired with 1 x value -the larger the absolute values of the corr. coeff= the stronger the relationship -sign of corr. coef. indicaties the direction of a lin. relationship *.7 to .1 is strong *.3 to .69 is moderate *.0 to .29 none, .0 to weak

-variable of interests are not subject to direct manipulation -uses indiv. difference variables -these are variables on which indiv. naturally differ -var. of interest are not subject to manipulation but must be chosen after the fact limitation- self-selection bias, cohort effects may explain the effect -weakness= a correlational type of study

-a study that repeatedly measures the same characteristics in a single sample of individuals at selected time intervals, over a long period of time -Prob= cohort effect & costly, still subject to bias

-mixes long. & cross -ADV= efficient and reduces some biases of cross sectional bc you see evolution of change over time -DISAVD= cannot rule out cohort bias or true prob. of the undefined 3rd variable accounting for the change

1. face-to-face= a survey method involving a personal interview, often conducted in the interviewees home 2. telephone- telephone interview 3. Mail- sending a questionnaire through the mail, 20-30% returned 4. Electronic- on computer, better -limited by choice of response given -used to determine if a rel. exists between certain behaviors or other psych. proceesses -consists of structure sets of ?s or statements -give to a gp of ppl to measure their attitutdes, beliefs, values, behavioral tendencies

-quantitative tech. used to integrate and describe a large number of studies to determine if overall significance exists -enables us to combine the probablity value for statistical tests over a number of studies -determine size of effect -enables you to determine the effect size of independent variable (treatment group)

Description of an individual, or group of individuals’ conscious experience of a phenomenon -phenonemon of 'you' -use in depth interviews -extract phrases and statements that pertain to phenomenon -interpret and give meaning to phrases and statements