Choose Correct Answer for Compounds Chemistry Flashcards

Which of the following would be regarded as compounds?
A) O2 and CH4
B)H2O, O2, and CH4
C) CH4 and O2, but not H2O
D)H2O and O2
E) H2O and CH4, but not O2

If a salamander relied on hydrogen bonds to cling to surfaces, what type of surface would cause the most problems for the animal?
A) A surface made with carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms covalently bonded together
B) A surface made with carbon and hydrogen atoms covalently bonded together
C) a surface made with silicon and oxygen atoms covalently bonded together
D) a surface made with carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms covalently bonded together
E) a surface coated with a thin film of water

The cities of portland, Oregon, and Minneapolis, Minnesota are at about the same latitude, but Minneapolis has much hotter summers and much colder winters than portland does. Why?
A) Freshwater is more likely to freeze than salt water
B) They are not at exactly the same latitude
C) The ocean is so large that it has a hightly moderating influence on temperature
D) Minneapolis is much windier, due to its location in the middle of a continent

A pH of 7 is neutral due to the dissociation of water molecules in pure water. How many molecules of water have broken down into a hydroxide ion and a hydronium ion at pH 7?
A) 1 in a Million
B) 1 in 10 Million
C) 1 in 100 Million
D) 1 in 1 Billion

Which of the following best explains why "carbs" are advertised by manufacturers of candy bars and sports drinks as quick energy boost?
A) The energy in them can be stored as fat, which has high energy per unit weight
B) This is an advertising gimmick that has no scientific evidence to support it
C) The carbons in carbs are rich in energy because they are hightly oxidized
D) Carbs are reduced molecules that have high-energy electrons

Changing a single amino acid in a protein consisting of 325 amino acids would
A) alter the primary structure of the protein but not its tertiary structure or function
B) Always alter the biological activity or function of the protein
C) alwys alter the primary structure of the protein and disrupt its biological activity
D) cause the tertiary structure of the protein to unfold
E) always alter the primary structure of the protein sometimes alter the tertiary strucure of the protein and affect its biological activity

The r group or side chain of the amino acid serine is -CH2-OH. The R group or side chain of the amino acid leucine is -CH2-CH-(CH3)2. Where would you expect to find these amino acids in a golbular protein in aqueous solution.
A) Leucine would be in the interior, and serine would be on the exterior of the globular protein.
B) Both serine and leucine would be in the interior and on the exterior of the globular protein.
C) Both serine and leucine would be in the interior of the golbular protein.
D) Both serine and leucine would be on the exterior of the globular protein
E) Serine would be in the interior and leucine would be on the exterior of the globular protein

A double-stranded DNA molecule contains a total of 120 purines and 120 pyrimidines. THis DNA molecule could be composed of
A) 120 guanine and 120 thymine molecules
B) 120 adenine and 120 cytosine molecules
C) 120 thymine and 120 adenine molecules
D) 120 cytosine and 120 thymine molecules
E) 120 adenine and 120 uracil molecules

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 15 N, which of these molecules will be labeled?
A) fatty acids only
B) nucleic acids only
C) amylase only
D) proteins only
E) both proteins and nucleic acids

What is the reason that a modern electron microscope can resolve biological images to the subnanometer level, as opposed to tens of nanometers achievable for the best super-resolution light microscope?
A) Electron beams have much shorter wavelengths than visible light
B) Contrast is enhanced by staining with atoms of heavy metal
C) The electron microscope has a much greater ratio of image size to real size.
D) The focal length of the electron microsope is significantly longer
E) The electron microscope cannot image whole cells at one time

A cell with a prediminance of free ribosomes is most likely
A) digesting large food particles
B) constructing an extensive cell wall or extracellular matrix
C) enlarging its vacuole
D) producing primarily cytoplasimc proteins
E) producing primarily proteins for secretion

In a plant cell, DNA may be found
A) only in the nucleus
B) Only in the nucleus and mitochondria
C) only in the nucleus and chloroplasts
D) in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
E) in the nucleus, mitochondria, chlorplasts, and peroxisomes

The chemical reactions involved in respiration are virtually identical betwen prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotic cells, ATP is synthesized primarily on the inner membrane of the mitochondria. In light of the endosymiont theory for the evolutionary origin of mitochondria where is most ATP synthesis likely to occur in prokaryotic cells?
A) on the endoplasmic reticulum
B) on the inner mitochondrial membrane
C) in the cytoplasm
D) on the inner nuclear envelope
E) on the plasma membrane

The differences among the three categories of cytoskeletal elements outlined in the table above would suggest that each of the following has specialized roles. Which of the following is a correct match?
A) intermediate filaments and cytoplasmic streaming
B) microfilaments and the nuclear lamina
C) microtubules and chromosome movement
D) microtubules and cleavage furrow formation
E) microfilaments and ciliary motion

Which of the following is a reasonable explaintion for why unsaturated fatty acids help keep any membrane more fluid at lower temperatures
A) the double bonds block interaction among the hydrophilic head groups of the lipids
B) unsaturated fatty acids are more polar that saturated fatty acids
C) the double bonds result in shorter fatty acid tails and thinner membranes
D) The double bonds form kinks in the fatty acids tails, preventing adjacent lipids from packing tightly
E) Unsaturated fatty acids have a higher cholesterol content and therefore more cholesterol in membranes