Endocrine System Vocabulary, Chapter 18

Chapter 18, Endocrine System Vocabulary, Language of Medicine, 8th Edition

48 cards   |   Total Attempts: 182
  

Cards In This Set

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Adrenal cortex
Outer section (cortex) of each adrenal gland; secretes cortisol, aldosterone and sex hormones.
Adrenal medulla
Inner section (medulla) of each adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Ovaries
Located in the lower abdomen of a female; responsible for egg production and estrogen and progesterone secretion.
Pancreas
Located behind the stomach.
Parathyroid glands
Four small glands on the posterior of the thyroid gland.
Pituitary gland (hypophysis)
Located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica; composed of an anterior lobe (adenohyophysis) and a posterior lobe (neurohypophsis).
Testes
Two glands enclosed in the scrotal sac of a male.
Thyroid gland
Located in the neck on either side of the trachea; secretes thyroxine.
Adrenaline (epinephrine)
Secreted by the adrenal medulla; increased heart rate and blook pressure.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (adenohypophysis); also called adrenocorticotropin. ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex.
Aldosterone
Secreted by the adrenal cortex; increase salt (sodium) reabsorption.
Androgen
Male hormone secreted by the testes and to a lesser extent by the adrenal cortex
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (neurophpopphysis) ADH (vasopressin) increases reabsorption of water by the kidney.
Calcitonin
Secreted by the thyroid gland; decreases blood calcium levels.
Cortisol
Secreted by te adrenal cortex; increases blood sugar. It is secreted in times of stress and has an anti-flammatory effect.