Flashcard Set Preview
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The 2 systems that act together to coordinate functions of all body systems to maintain homeostasis...
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Nervous and Endocrine systems
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Nervous System
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uses nerve impulses (aka action potential)/ nuerotransmitters (nerve imulse is electrical)
faster...
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Endocrine System
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uses hormone--mediator molecule release in 1 part of the body but regulates activity of cells...
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the 2 types of glands in the body:
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exocrine gland--ducted
endocrine gland--ductless (secretes products into interstitial...
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Endocrine glands include;
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pituitary
thryroid
parathyroid
adrenal
pineal
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Not exclusively endocrine glands but they belong becuase they have certain hormone secretions...
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thymus
pancreas
ovaries
testes
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Hormones
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chemicals that affect only specific target tissues with specific glycoprotien receptors
receptors...
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Down Regulation
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decrease the number of receptors to avoid the overeaction of the body to a specific hormone.
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Up Regulation
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increase the number of receptors to take advantage of a low concentration of a hormone
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Hormone Types
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Circulating Hormones--circulate in blood throughout the body (aka Endocrines)
Local...
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Chemistry of Hormones
classification by chemistry--
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Lipid Soluble--use transporter protiens
Water Soluble--circulate in "free" form
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Lipid Soluble hormones, examples--
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Steroid
Thyroid
Nitric Oxide (NO)
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Water Soluble Hormones, examples:
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Amine
Peptide/ protien/ glycoprotien
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Mechanisms of Hormone Action,
Response depends on what?
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hormone and target cell
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Lipid soluble hormones bind to receptors where?
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inside the target cell
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Water soluble hormones bind to receptors on the-
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Plasma membrane
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Responsiveness of target cell deprends on-
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Hormone concentration (hi hormone concentration = hi responsiveness)
Abundance of...
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antagonistic hormones, example
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calcitonin--decrease calcium in blood
parathyroid hormone--increase calcium in your...
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synergistic hormones, example
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glucagon
epinepherine
both tend to increase your blood glucose
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permissive hormones (one hormone up regulates another hormone), example
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thyroid hormone up regulates the sex hormones (reproductive system hormones like testosterone,...
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