Flashcard Set Preview
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1. Endocrine glands regulate various body ___ fcts through secretion of ___- definitions of...
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1. metabolic/ hormones2a. at a distant locationb. into the blood for transport from an endocrine...
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Hormonal SIgnaling1. Local Hormone (2 types) = NOT released into ___ to exert its affect2....
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1. blood2. autocrine secretions and paracrine secretions
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Autocrine Secretions1. hormone produced within a cell and does what?2. hormone produced and...
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1. combines with intracellular receptor2. - combines with its own extracellular plasma membrane...
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Classification of Hormones According to Chemical Structure1. Epinephrine/ Nor-Epi-- derived...
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1. amines (catecholamines)-- tyrosine2. amino acids-- iodine atoms3. peptides-- amino acids4....
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General Mechanisms of Action1. hormones DO NOT __ affect intracellular components to cause...
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1. directly/ metabolic reactions** action is indirect**2. by combining with receptors in the...
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Second Messenger MechanismsCyclic AMP cascade of reactions1. hormone binds to a ___2. combination...
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1. GPCR - specific plasma membrane receptor2. G-protein/ inhibitory or excitatory3. 3 (alpha,...
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Cyclic AMP cascade of reactions1. protein kinases are __ __ and dependent on __ __ in which...
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1. highly variable/ cell type2. structural alterations (cytoskeleton and cell junction)3. by...
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Phospholipase A2 and Phospholipase C Systems1. 3 types of stimuli - usually ___2. hormone binds...
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1. hormonal, chemical, physical (hormonal)2. extracellular/ plasma membrane3. phospholipase...
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1. fct of IP3- __ can have variable effects according to cell type2. DAG yields what?-- this...
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1. can stimulate rls of Ca from ER or mitochondria-- Ca2. arachidonic acid-- eicosanoids/ prostaglandins-...
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PROSTAGLANDINS (autocrine or paracrine)1. source = from ___ present in __ __2. stimulus for...
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1. phospholipids/ plasma membrane2. hormonal, neural or physical3. A.A --> cyclooxygenase...
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1. Arach. acid is __ and __; proceeds thru various steps to produce ___-- this is an intermediate...
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1. cyclized and oxygenated/ PGH2-- half life2. most tissues- it is non-specific3. PGD, PGE,...
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1. the specific PG's are named according to the configuration of their __ __ and the number...
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1. cyclpentane ring/ double bonds2. PGE
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Thromboxane A21. produced only in __ __2. promotes __ and __ __3. it is oxidized into ___ (has...
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1. blood platelets2. vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation3. TXB2/ stable and less potent
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Prostacyclin1. produced by what 2 cell types?2. promotes __ and prevents __ __
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1. endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells in walls of blood vessels2. vasodilation and platelet...
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1. PG's have short __ __ (16-17sec)2. they are oxidized to stable __ and excreted via the __3....
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1. half lives2. metabolites/ urine3. 1 or 2 types
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