ENC 1102 Argument and Persuasion

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Flashcards for the ENC1102 final

Created Apr 26, 2011
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	Side A	Side B
1	What are causes of illogic in argumentation?	Ignorance, prejudice, lack of evidence, and ego
2	What is it called when you attack someone's character instead of their argument? A personal...	Ad Hominem
3	What do you call an argument that assumes exactly what the argument is attempting to prove?(Capital...	Begging the question
4	What do you call oversimplification of reasoning that presents an issue in only two ways? Black...	Either-Or reasoning
5	What do you call intentionally using a word that has more than one meaning in order to mislead...	Equivocation
6	What is it called when you make a false comparison, like comparing apples to oranges?	False analogy
7	What do you call it when someone jumps to a broad conclusion based on too little evidence,...	Hasty generalization
8	What is it called when you incorrectly attribute a cause and effect relationship?	Post hoc fallacy
9	What do you call it when you lead a reader astray by bringing up a different issue as bait...	Red herring
10	What do call a false appeal to fear or suggesting that a single event or situation will trigger...	Slippery slope
11	What is it called when you justify wrongdoing by pointing to another's wrongdoing?	Two wrongs make a right
12	What is a dangerous fallacy of asserting that God has ordered or approves one's stand point,...	Appeal to heaven
13	What is it called when an argument is said to be true because it has always been that way?	Appeal to tradition
14	What is is called when you create the illusion of having refuted a proposition by substituting...	Straw man argument
15	What are the appeals in the Aristotelian model (in the correct order)?	Ethos, Logos, and Pathos
16	In the Aristotelian model, what is the appeal to emotion and empathy?	Pathos
17	In the Aristotelian model, what is the appeal to logic and reasoning?	Logos
18	In the Aristotelian model, what is the appeal to credibility and trust?	Ethos
19	What are the three "major players" in the Aristotelian model?	The writer, the argument/support, and the reader/listener
20	What are the five parts of the Toulmin model in order?	Claim, support, warrant, rebuttal, and assumptions
21	In the Toulmin model, what is the claim?	The thesis statement
22	In the Toulmin model, what is the support?	The evidence
23	In the Toulmin model, what is the warrant?	It's what ties the support to the claim
24	What are the three most important parts of the Toulmin model?	Claim, Support, and Warrant
25	What type of argument addresses the opposing argument thoroughly and fairly in order to strengthen...	Refutation argument
26	What are the two main types of meaning?	Denotative and connotative
27	What do you call the dictionary or literal meaning of something?	Denotative
28	What do you call the implied or non-literal meaning of something?	Connotative
29	What is the difference between a formal and informal argument?	The Burden of proof. Formal arguments clearly state the claim/position and gives evidence....
30	What type of reasoning goes from general to specific? (all humans are mortal and I am a human...	Deductive reasoning
31	What type of reasoning goes from specific to general? (All swans I have seen have been white...	Inductive reasoning
32	What is a critical thinker?	Someone who is willing to question his or her own thinking.
33	What is another name for the thesis or main point of an argument?	The claim
34	What are the three types of claims?	Fact, policy, and value
35	What type of claim is this? "The world loses ten acres of rain forest every minute."	Claim of fact
36	What type of claim is this? "New laws will protect the rain forests that we are losing ten...	Claim of policy
37	What type of claim is this? "Rain forests are an invaluable and irreplaceable natural resource."	Claim of value
38	What is a claim that labels something as good or bad?	Claim of value
39	What is a word or phrase used in the place of a harsher word or phrase? (passed away instead...	Euphemism
40	What is theme?	Main point or claim
41	What is plot?	Storyline or sequence of events
42	What is a simile?	Comparison using "like" or "as"
43	What is a metaphor?	A comparison WITHOUT "like" or "as"
44	What is personification?	Giving human characteristics to something non-human
45	What is the representation of a person in literature?	Character
46	What is the main character?	Protagonist
47	What is the primary opponent of the main character who creates obstacles for the main character...	Antagonist
48	Who was the Rogerian Argument named after?	Carl Rogers
49	What do you call the three-part method of deductive reasoning?	Syllogism