Flashcard Set Preview
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| 1 |
GI?
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gastrointestinal.
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| 2 |
visceral peritoneum?
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a membrane that covers digestive organs.
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parietal peritoneum?
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a membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity.
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mesentery?
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a membrane that help hold the intestines in place.
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retroperitoneal?
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behind or not covered by the peritoneal.
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mucosa?
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inner must layer, made of columnar cells, sevretes enzymes and hormones, absorbs nutrients.
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goblet cells?
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secrete mucus.
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lamina propria?
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made of loose connective tissue.
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muscularis mucosa?
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forms folds and ridges in the mucosa.
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submucosa?
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made of dense connective tissue.
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muscularis externa?
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causes peristalsis, rhythmic waves of contractions.
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mesenteric plexus?
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a layer of nerves.
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serosa?
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made of loose connective tissue and simple sqamous cells.
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adventitia?
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dense connective tissue.
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labial frenulum?
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connects the lips to the gums.
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lingval frenulum?
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connects the tongue to the bottom of the mouth.
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intrinsic tongue muscles?
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not attached to bone and the change the shape of the tongue.
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extrinsic tongue muscles?
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attach to bone, change the position.
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| 19 |
ankyloglossia?
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abnomally short lingual frenlum, distortss speech.
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| 20 |
salivary glands?
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3 types of salivary glands, parotid: located on each facial cheek, sublingual:under the tongue,...
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| 21 |
mumps?
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a viral infection of the parotid glands.
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| 22 |
saliva composition?
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water, mucus, salts, amyalase (an enzyme that breaks down starch), lysozyme (enzyme that inhibits...
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| 23 |
halitosis?
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bad breath.
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deciduous teeth?
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baby teeth; they are replaced by permanent teeth.
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impacted tooth?
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remains embedded in the jaw bone.
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incisors?
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flat and at the front.
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canines?
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pointed and at the corners.
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molars?
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large with several rounded tips at the back.
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| 29 |
gingiva?
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the gums; connective tissue and blood vessels.
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| 30 |
crown?
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the part of the tooth that is above the gum.
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root?
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part below the gum.
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enamel?
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a hard mineralized covering of the crown only covers the part above the gum.
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periodontal ligament?
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connects the tooth to the jawline.
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| 34 |
dentin?
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a bone like material inside teeth.
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pulp?
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connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves.
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caries?
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cavities.
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plaque?
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a thin film of sugar and bacteria that sticks to teeth.
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tartar?
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plaque that has absorbed calcium and it is cemented to the teeth.
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deglutition?
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swallowing.
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esophagus?
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the tube that connects the throat to the stomach.
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hiatal hernia?
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when part of the stomach bulges up from the diaphragm into the chest cavity.
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| 42 |
internal and external stomach structure?
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see notes.
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lesser omentum?
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a membrane that connects the lesser curvature to the liver.
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greater omentum?
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a membrane that drapes from the greater curvature over the intestines; contains fat and lymphnodes.
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duodenum?
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the first section of the small intestine about 10 inches long.
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jejunum?
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the middle section of the small intestine about 8 feet long.
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| 47 |
ileum?
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the third part of the small intestine about 12 feet long. it connects to the large intestine.
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| 48 |
plicae circulares?
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ridges inside the small intestine.
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| 49 |
villi?
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finger like extensions on the ridges.
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falciform?
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divides the liver in half and helps hold it in place.
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| 51 |
liver lobule?
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filters blood that enters the liver and it makess bile and sends it to the gallbladder.
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gallbladder?
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stores bile and squirts it into the small intestine to help break down fats.
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| 53 |
acinar cells?
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cells in the pancreas that make enzymes for digestion.
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| 54 |
islets of langerhans?
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cells in the pancreas that make hormones to control blood sugar.
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| 55 |
cecum?
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a pouch where the small and large intestines meet; contains the appendix.
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| 56 |
colon parts?
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ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon.
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anal sphincters?
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rings of muscle that control the flow of material out of the intestines.
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| 58 |
tenia coli?
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a strip of muscle along the large intestine.
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| 59 |
haustra?
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bulging segments in the large intestine.
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| 60 |
bacterial flora?
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normal bacteria that live in the intestines.
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| 61 |
gastritis?
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inflammation of the stomach.
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| 62 |
GERD?
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gastroesophageal reflux disease- heart burn all the time.
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| 63 |
ascites?
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fluid inside the stomach.
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| 64 |
bruxism?
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grinding or clunching the teeth.
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| 65 |
enteritis?
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inflammation of the intestine.
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| 66 |
cholecystitis?
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inflammation of the gallbladder.
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| 67 |
ileus?
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paralysis of the digestive tract.
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| 68 |
pyloric stenosis?
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abnormal constriction of the pyloric sphincter.
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| 69 |
xerostomia?
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an extreme dry mouth.
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