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The branch of science called "organic chemistry" focuses on substances that contain:
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carbon
All living things, whether they are plants or animals, are made up of compounds that contain carbon. |
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A wide range of substances are organic, including:
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pesticides
Pesticides are manufactured from natural gas and oil, which are derived from plants and animals that died millions of years ago and contain carbon. |
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A substance may be defined as matter only if it:
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occupies space
Matter is anything that occupies space, has physical and chemical properties, and exists as a solid, liquid, or gas. |
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The structural units that make up the elements are:
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atoms
An atom is the smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element. |
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When two or more atoms of the same element are united chemically, the result is a/an:
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elemental molecule
As an example, oxygen in the air we breathe is an elemental molecule O2. |
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Boiling water is an example of changing states of matter, from:
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liquid to gas
Water is the liquid form, and steam is its gas form. |
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A physical change is characterized by:
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a change in physical properties
A physical change is a change in the form or physical properties of a substance without the formation of a new substance. |
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Permanent haircolor creates a change in the hair that is a:
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chemical change
A chemical reaction, oxidation, develops the dye in the haircolor and creates a chemical change in the hair. |
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Water (H2O) is the type of combination of two or more atoms called a/an:
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chemical compound
A chemical compound is a combination of two or more atoms of different elements united chemically with a fixed chemical composition, definite proportions, and distinct properties. |
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Salt water and fruit salad are the type of combination of two or more substances called a/an:
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physical mixture
A physical mixture is a combination of two or more substances united physically, not chemically, without a fixed composition and in any proportions. |
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Two or more solids, liquids, or gases in a blended mixture form a/an:
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solution
A solution is a blended mixture of a solute and a solvent. |
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The term used to describe liquids that can be mixed with each other without separating is:
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miscible
Miscible means "mixable." Water and alcohol readily mix with each other; they are miscible. |
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In a solution, the substance that dissolves another substance is the:
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solvent
If a gas or solid is dissolved in a liquid, the liquid is the solvent. |
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A mixture that has a tendency to separate over time and must be shaken or mixed well before using is a/an:
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suspension
One of the characteristics of suspensions is that they tend to separate over time and must be shaken well before using. |
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Haircoloring, shampoos, and conditioners:
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are oil-in-water emulsions
In oil-in-water emulsions, oil droplets are suspended in a water base. |
