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Cards In This Set
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What are the four causes of metabolic acidosis?
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1. overproduction of hydrogen ions
2. underelimination of hydrogen ions
3. underproduction of bicarbonate
4. overelimination of bicarbonate
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What is the main cause of respiratory acidosis?
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Underelimination of hydrogen ions
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What are three examples of overproduction of hydrogen ions in metabolic acidosis?
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1. excessive breakdown of fatty acids
2. hypermetabolism
3. excessive ingestion of acids
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What are two examples of excessive breakdown of fatty acids in metabolic acidosis?
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Diabetic ketoacidosis
starvation
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What are examples of hypermetabolism in metabolic acidosis?
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Heavy exercise
seizure activity
fever
hypoxia, ischemia
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What are examples of excessive ingestion of acids in metabolic acidosis?
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Ethanol intoxication
methanol ingestion
salicylate intoxication
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What could cause underelimination of hydrogen ions in metabolic acidosis?
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Renal failure
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What could cause underproduction of bicarbonate in metabolic acidosis?
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Renal failure
pancreatitis
liver failure
dehydration
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What could cause overelimination of bicarbonate in metabolic acidosis?
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Diarrhea and buffering of organic acids
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What would cause respiratory depression and cause underelimination of hydrogen ions in respiratory acidosis?
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Anesthetics
drugs/opiods
electrolyte imbalances
head or neck trauma
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What could cause inadequate chest expansion and cause underelimination of hydrogen ions in respiratory acidosis?
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Skeletal deformities
muscle weakness
nonpulmonary restriction (obesity, cast, eschar)
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What four things can cause underelimination of hydrogen ions in respiratory acidosis?
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1. respiratory depression
2. inadequate chest expansion
3. airway obstruction
4. alveolar-capillary block
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