Flashcard Set Preview
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Particles
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Small portion of matter
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Atoms
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The smallest object that retains properties of an element. Composed of electrons and a nucleus...
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Compounds
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A substance formed by the reaction of two or more chemical elements. For example pure water...
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Periodic Table
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Grouping of the known elements by their number of protons
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Period
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The elements in a horizontal row of the periodic table .
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Group
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A vertical column in the periodic table; also called a family.
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Formula
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Combination of symbols that indicates the chemical composition of a substance.
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atomic number
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Number of protons in an element.
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mass number
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The number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
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proton
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Particle found in a nucleus with a positive charge. Number of these gives atomic number.
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neutron
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A particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It is almost identical in mass to a proton,...
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electron
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A subatomic particle having a charge of 1-.
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isotope
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Atoms with the same number of protons, but differing numbers of neutrons. Isotopes are...
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electron configuration
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Specific distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals of atoms or ions.
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valence electrons
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The electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.
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Bohr's atomic model
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The Bohr Model has an atom consisting of a small, positively-charged nucleus orbited by negatively-charged...
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Molecule
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Two or more atoms chemically combined.
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Ion
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An atom or a group of atoms that carries an electric charge.
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Diffusion
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Movement of a fluid from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration....
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Dissolve
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to cause a solute to pass into solution.
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Methods of seperation
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Centrifugation
Chromatography
Crystallization
Distillation
Extraction
Electrophoresis...
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Melting
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melting is the process by which a substance changes from the solid phase to the lisuid phase.
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Condensation
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Liquefaction of vapor.
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Freezing
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the process through which a substance changes from aliquid to a solid.
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Boiling
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a phase transition from the liquid state to the gas state, usually occurring when a liquid...
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Melting point
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The temperature at which a solid and liquid phase may coexist in equilibrium. The term applies...
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Boiling point
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The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the applied pressure; also...
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Evaporation
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the process by which molecules undergo the a spontaneous transition from the liquid phase to...
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Heating curve of water
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A heating curve is a graph showing how a substance's temperature changes while being heated....
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Impurity
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chemical or element added to silicon to change the electrical properties of the material....
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Pure substance
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A sample of matter, either an element or a compound, that consists of only one component with...
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Saturated
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as in a saturated compound. A substance in which the atoms are linked by single bonds. A fully...
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mixture
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two or more substances which have been combined such that each substance retains its own chemical...
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Solute
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The substance that is dissolved in a solution. For solutions of fluids, the solvent is present...
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Solvent
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The component of a solution that is present in the greatest amount. It is the substance in...
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Solubility
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the maximum quantity of a substance that may be dissolved in another. The maximum amount of solute...
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Insoluble
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incapable of dissolving in a solvent. It is rare for absolutely no solute to dissolve at all....
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Soluble
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That can be dissolved
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