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Cards In This Set
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Molecules that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio, and provide nutrients to the cells of living things
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Carbohydrates
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A simple sugar that is the basic subunit of a carbohydrate
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Monosaccharide
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Examples of monosaccharides:
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Glucose, fructose
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A sugar that consists of two monosaccharide units that are joined together
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Disaccharide
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Examples of disaccharides:
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Sucrose, lactose
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A reaction in which two molecules or parts of the same molecule combine
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Condensation reaction
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A chemical reaction between water and another substance to form two or more new substances
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Hydrolysis
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A carboyhdrate made up of long chains of simple sugars
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Polysaccharide
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Examples of polysaccharide:
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Cellulose, starch, glycogen
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A type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water, has a high percentage of C and H atoms, and is soluble in nonpolar solvents
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Lipid
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Examples of Lipids:
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Fats, oils, waxes, fatty acids
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Consist of a long, nonpolar hydrocarbon "tail" and a polar carboxylic acid functional group at the "head"
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Fatty acids
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Have no carbon-carbon double bonds
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Saturated fatty acids
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Have one or more double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain
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Unsaturated fatty acids
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When a fat combines with NaOH, an acid-base reaction called _______ occues, and a salt and water form
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Saponification
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